The ADSM vaccination is a complex vaccine, the effect of which is aimed at preventing diphtheria and tetanus. Since after administration of the drug the human body is subjected to a significant load from components simulating pathogenic microorganisms, the post-vaccination period may be accompanied by a number of side effects that occur due to a weakened immune system.
To facilitate this stage and eliminate or minimize the manifestation of complications, it is necessary to behave correctly after vaccination. Read below about what you can and cannot do after immunization.
Is it possible to go for a walk after vaccination?
Experts have different opinions on this matter. Some believe that walking on the first day after immunization is strictly prohibited, while others, on the contrary, recommend going out into the fresh air.
Most doctors believe that in the first three days after the ADSM vaccination, it is still better to refrain from walking completely or moderate this activity as much as possible.
The fact is that the vaccination procedure weakens the human immune system. For this reason, the chance of picking up a parallel infection increases, with which the body will be more susceptible to the effects of pathogenic bacteria.
If you can’t do without going outside in the first three days, you must avoid staying in public places and contact with people suffering from acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections and other infections.
Why do you need a vaccination record?
Vaccination is carried out all over the world. In Russia, it is mandatory to vaccinate against diphtheria, tetanus, polio, whooping cough, measles, mumps, tuberculosis and rubella. If desired, they are immunized against malaria and influenza.
Information about the drugs administered is entered into a special medical record. A vaccination record is a document that contains information about all vaccines administered with dates and name of the product. Every child and adult should have it.
It is needed to confirm that a person has been vaccinated and is not a carrier of dangerous infections. An extract from the vaccination card is the most popular medical document.
A certificate is required in the following cases:
- when registering a child for kindergarten;
- when entering school;
- upon enrollment in a higher educational institution, technical school;
- for hiring;
- for traveling abroad;
- to visit a sanatorium, recreation center, boarding house, camp.
Having a vaccination certificate is convenient and economical. The extract allows you to receive some documents free of charge (medical certificate for a sanatorium, medical card for a school or kindergarten).
Is it possible to wash and bathe after vaccination with ADSM for adults and children?
On the first day, due to the same weakened immune system, you should avoid water procedures.
It is not recommended to get the injection site wet. If necessary, wipe the body with a damp cloth . It is highly undesirable to visit a pool, swim in a bathtub, a pond, or take a shower.
24 hours after immunization, you can take a shower or bath.
In this case, you should not rub the vaccine injection site with a washcloth or apply detergent (shower gel or soap foam) to it for the next 3-4 days.
In the first days after vaccination, plain water will be enough to wash the injection site.
Side effects of ADSM vaccination in children
The child’s body almost always reacts to vaccination, since the child’s immunity is not strong enough.
Children may experience the following side effects after receiving the ADSM vaccine:
- slight increase in body temperature (up to 37°);
- drowsiness and lethargy;
- inactivity and refusal of active games;
- refusal to eat;
- nausea, sometimes vomiting and intestinal upset;
- impairment of motor activity of the limb;
- the appearance of swelling and bumps;
- allergic manifestations in the form of a rash;
- cough;
- in severe cases, serious complications arise in the form of disruption of the functioning of the nervous system.
Some reactions go away on their own. Eliminating others will require time and effort.
Is it possible to drink alcohol after the ADSM vaccination?
This question is asked by many adult visitors to outpatient clinics receiving vaccinations against diphtheria and tetanus. The essence of vaccination is that weakened infectious agents are introduced into the human body, in response to which the immune system begins to actively produce antibodies.
Drinking alcohol in itself weakens a person's immune system. Therefore, the strength of the weakened infectious agent that gets inside increases.
As a result, the immune system is subjected to double load, which is why it may not respond fully to the pathogenic bacterium that has entered. The result of this state of affairs may be the development of complications and the lack of development of a stable reaction of the body to the pathogen.
In order not to cause the development of complications and not to weaken the effect of the drug, it is recommended not to drink alcohol-containing (even low-alcohol) drinks for the next 3 days after immunization.
How can you tell which polio vaccine your doctor is using?
The pediatrician gives parents information about which vaccine will be used for vaccination and why. He also answers all questions about the vaccine and the drug, talks about possible reactions of the body and the recommended vaccination schedule. But you can distinguish an inactivated vaccine from a live one without the help of a doctor; you just need to look at where the polio vaccine is being given.
The inactivated vaccine is administered to the child using a syringe.
, and
live ones are dripped into the mouth
. The first vaccinations must be given to a child under 6 months of age, then the vaccine can be replaced with a live one. It is important that all vaccinations are done on time, then there will be no fear of the live vaccine, and even the disease itself.
Is it possible to get a vaccine for a cold?
Any manifestation of a cold (even a harmless runny nose and a slight sore throat) is a contraindication to vaccination.
The fact is that during this period the human body is already exposed to infectious agents. And if we add to them the weakened pathogenic microorganisms contained in the vaccine, the immune system may simply not cope with such an onslaught, which may result in the development of complications.
To exclude vaccination during a cold, the doctor must examine the person before vaccination and, if there are no contraindications, gives his permission to carry out the procedure.
If, during the examination, the presence of an inflammatory process caused by a cold is revealed, immunization is postponed until the state of health is completely restored.
ADSM vaccination: difference between R2 and R3
The R2 vaccine is a revaccination, which comes under number 2. It means that the vaccine is administered a second time. In this case, R2 means repeated planned revaccination.
- Revaccinations are needed so that previously acquired immunity works more actively and prolongs the body’s protective functions for some period of time. Vaccination, as indicated in the table, is administered to the child when he turns 6 years old.
- The vaccine does not contain pertussis substance, since this infection is completely harmless for children 4 years of age and older.
- Vaccination R2 ADSM is an ordinary vaccine that allows the body to develop immunity against tetanus and diphtheria.
Age difference
- The R3 vaccine stands for almost the same as R2 - this is a revaccination, but only it comes under number 3.
- R3 is the next revaccination against dangerous infections, the 3rd scheduled vaccination. It is given to teenagers aged from 14 to 16 years.
R2 ADSM and R3 ADSM differ from each other only in the age of the child at which vaccinations are given.
What else should you not do after vaccination?
In addition to the prohibitions listed above, those who have been immunized during the post-vaccination period should also observe some other “don’ts”:
- You should not have contact with people suffering from infectious diseases: influenza, ARVI, bronchitis, tonsillitis and others. These days the body is weakened, so it will not be difficult for an additional infection to successfully attack it;
- It is not advisable to visit the sauna and swimming pool over the next few days. To fully carry out such events, significant resources of the body are required, which may be running out due to vaccination carried out the day before;
- In the first 3 days after vaccination, it is not recommended to introduce new foods into the diet or use previously untried medications. This is due to an increased likelihood of developing allergic reactions;
- If itching appears at the injection site, under no circumstances should you scratch the skin or press it with your fingers or nails. Such actions can provoke infection into the wound and subsequent inflammation. To eliminate discomfort, antihistamines are usually taken;
- It is not recommended to overuse fried, fatty, smoked, salty and other foods that are difficult to digest. A weakened body will have to spend more energy on their absorption, which can result in problems during the digestion process.
It is also highly undesirable to visit the gym after vaccination and expose your body to physical activity. Indeed, these days, more than ever, the body will need additional strength to fight the infectious agent. Therefore, it is not recommended to waste them on training activities.
You can get more detailed advice on each of the prohibitions from the doctor who issued permission to undergo vaccination. It is recommended to ask questions before the injection is given to prevent incorrect actions.
Common side effects
The ADSM vaccine itself is slightly reactogenic and rarely causes side effects. Vaccine reactions can range from mild to severe. However, they are not considered a pathology, since they have a short-term effect. Side effects can be local and general.
Redness and thickening, the appearance of a lump
The most common local reaction of the body to the vaccine is redness of the skin or its thickening in the form of a lump.
It is formed due to the accumulation of a substance under the skin due to its slow penetration into the blood vessels. As a rule, the lump resolves within a few weeks after vaccination. Heating the injection site is strictly prohibited, as this can worsen the condition and provoke suppuration, which is subsequently opened surgically.
Pain at the injection site
The main site for vaccination is the shoulder, shoulder blade or thigh.
Often, after vaccination, a pain symptom may be observed, leading in some cases to restrictive mobility. The cause of pain can be either the body’s reaction to the medicine or an incorrectly administered injection. If this is a reaction to a vaccine, then this condition is considered normal, since local inflammation appears in the area where the medicine was administered, accompanied by pain of varying intensity.
Basically, the pain goes away after 2-3 days.
Increased body temperature
Low fever is the most common immune response to the vaccine. As a result of the struggle of immune bodies with foreign agents, an increase in temperature occurs, the indicators of which depend on the characteristics of each organism. Normally, the temperature rises from 37° to 38°, but if the temperature reaches 39° or higher, you need to take antipyretic tablets.
ADSM has certain contraindications, so you should consult your doctor before the injection, especially if the vaccination is given to a small child.
Video on the topic
Dr. Komarovsky about actions after vaccination:
Vaccination is a responsible undertaking. Therefore, for those undergoing such a difficult procedure for the body, it is important to follow the doctor’s recommendations and generally established rules not only during preparation, but also after vaccination.
In this way, it will be possible to facilitate the process of developing an immune response, as well as protect the body from the possible addition of concomitant infections, which are usually a consequence of improper behavior in the first three days after immunization.
How can we help you? Examination before vaccinations and treatment of post-vaccination complications
- Before vaccination, we recommend that you: Take a blood test to predict your individual reaction to vaccination . This analysis allows you to accurately determine allergies to vaccine components.
- In case of weakened immunity, frequent exacerbations of infections or the presence of temporary contraindications to vaccination, we recommend conducting an immune examination - an immunogram. It will show disturbances in the functioning of the immune system.
- Be examined by a neurologist-immunologist with test results. If there are disorders of the central nervous system, allergies, other chronic diseases or an imbalance of the immune system, the doctor will recommend treatment and prepare for vaccination. He will select the vaccines that are right for you, the risk of complications will be minimized.
The main cost items in preparation for vaccination are a blood test for vaccine tolerance (depending on the number of vaccines) and an immunogram. We have one of the most advantageous offers on immunograms, you can view it here. The cost of a consultation with a neurologist-immunologist can be found in the price list.
We treat post-vaccination complications . The most common complications we encounter after vaccinations arise from the nervous system and immune system: encephalitis, panencephalitis, optic neuritis, facial paralysis, exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, allergic reactions, etc. Our clinic employs highly qualified specialists who successfully such complications are treated.
The risk of complications after vaccination can be minimized if you are examined in advance by a neurologist-immunologist.
