"Boostrix" - vaccine against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus

Boostrix Polio is a drug that is used to immunize children and adults. It is an adsorbed cell-free serum with antigens that provide prevention of viral and bacterial diseases. Active components are tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis toxoids.

These substances are contained in a neutralized (deactivated) form, the body forms immunity to whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria. The serum can be used to prevent polio, as it contains appropriate neutralized antigens.

Excipients:

• distilled water;
• aluminum salts;
• polysorbate.

The vaccine is available in 500 ml packaging.

Indications for use of Boostrix Polio serum

At what age should Boostrix Polio be taken? - patients are interested. Immunization with this drug is indicated for children over the age of four years. If the patient has suffered from illness, the doctor may prescribe a vaccine for prevention. Not everyone develops lasting immunity to deadly diseases.

If immunization was carried out in childhood, the therapist recommends revaccination after 10 years. The procedure will help maintain immunity to pathologies. Patients diagnosed with HIV infection are allowed immunization.

Contraindications

The instructions for Boostrix Polio contain information about contraindications. The doctor discontinues the serum if he detects hypersensitivity to its components in the patient (a safer analogue is recommended). In rare cases, drugs with deactivated tetanus and diphtheria toxoid cause anaphylactic shock (a dangerous condition requiring emergency care). Other contraindications to immunization:

• coma;
• disorder of consciousness;
• encephalopathy;
• seizures that occurred after using another vaccine;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• respiratory viral pathologies;
• diseases associated with the intestines.
• elevated temperature (vaccination is carried out when it drops to normal levels).

Serum for injection is contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women. If it is prescribed during lactation, the child should switch to artificial feeding. The drug in a dosage of 0.5 ml is administered intramuscularly. It is prohibited to use it for intravenous administration. Repeated immunization is carried out after 10 years. To increase the immune response, the doctor recommends administering the vaccine first one month and then 6 months after the first shot.

The serum can be used in parallel with a vaccine intended to prevent HPV (human papillomavirus). The vaccine is combined with drugs that form immunity against rubella and chickenpox. If a patient experiences anaphylactic shock, the doctor provides first aid. The drug and other similar drugs should be used in clinical settings where antishock treatments are available. No cases of overdose have been identified.

Adverse symptoms after administration of the vaccine

The vaccine may cause minor side effects, such as pain at the injection site. Undesirable symptoms are more often observed in children than in adults, these include:

• malaise;
• migraine;
• temperature rise to subfebrile levels;
• diarrhea;
• chills;
• allergy.

If you notice one of the side effects, you should consult a doctor. He will adjust the therapeutic regimen and, if necessary, prescribe a different serum. The shelf life of the drug is 3 years. It should be stored in a cool, dry place.

Other features of the Boostrix vaccine

There is a small chance that the vaccine will not provide full immunity against whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria. This is especially true for people with immunodeficiency, those suffering from AIDS, cancer, or receiving treatment with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants. But even healthy vaccinated people can get these diseases in 1% of cases. However, they will be much easier than in unvaccinated people.

Regarding pregnant and lactating women, the manufacturer’s opinion is ambiguous. The Boostrix vaccine has not been studied in this category of patients. Therefore, it is unknown how the pertussis vaccine components will affect the body. If vaccination is still required, it is advisable to carry it out separately with diphtheria or tetanus toxoid, depending on which component is needed.

The instructions for the Boostrix vaccine categorically prohibit administering the drug intravenously. It cannot be mixed with other vaccines either. But stabbing them in different limbs is completely acceptable. True, if side effects appear, it will be quite difficult to determine which vaccine caused them.

Vaccination in our country is entirely voluntary, so parents or adults may refuse vaccination. But first you need to weigh the pros and cons, and if there are any arguments against the usual DPT, you should consider Boostrix as a vaccination option. It contains the same antigens, but in much smaller quantities. This vaccine is also well suited for vaccination in adults. Being an analogue of ADS-M, Boostrix differs in that it also contains pertussis antigens. Adults very rarely get whooping cough, but they are the main carriers of this bacterium. Therefore, those who often come into contact with small children or are in places with a high risk of infection should choose Boostrix instead of ADS-M.

General information about tetanus and diphtheria vaccinations

Tetanus and diphtheria are deadly diseases. Even if a person has suffered these pathologies, he can become infected again. The body cannot independently form immunity against tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough and polio, for this reason preventive vaccination is required.

Diphtheria and tetanus are rare pathologies. Most patients do not want to take them seriously, but statistics show that of the 11% of children who had diphtheria, 5% died. There is a concept called “herd immunity”. It assumes a large number of immunized people, due to which outbreaks of epidemics are not observed.

The probability of infection with deadly pathologies is small, but it is not reduced to zero. A vaccine that promotes the formation of immunity against deadly diseases often contains two components: deactivated diphtheria and tetanus. The vaccine contains these two components, plus serum against whooping cough and polio disease.

For a child under 5 years of age, the doctor recommends DTP. Vaccination provides prevention of whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus disease. Children over this age are recommended to receive a vaccine that does not contain a pertussis component. Parents complain that this type of serum often causes adverse reactions.

DTP, ADS and analogues, including Boostrix, do not contain tetanus, pertussis or diphtheria bacillus. They contain neutralized toxins, and active (non-neutralized) toxins released by viruses are life-threatening.

When the body reacts to the neutralized toxins contained in the injection, it begins to produce antibodies. If the patient has completed a course of vaccination, his body forms a strong immune response to active toxins. If deadly bacteria enter the body, the disease will proceed easily, without serious consequences.

Release forms, composition and pharmacological action

The manufacturer of the drug is the English company GlaxoSmithKline. The vaccine is available in two forms: Boostrix and Boostrix Polio. The products differ in composition and cost. Both drugs are a cloudy white suspension for injection, which is packaged in ampoules in a single dose of 0.5 ml. The vaccine does not contain live bacteria, but their toxoids. At the same time, the effectiveness of the drug does not differ from those vaccinations that contain whole bacilli.

Description of Boostrix composition:

• diphtheria toxoid – 2 IU;
• tetanus – 20 IU;
• pertussis – 8 mcg;
• pertactin – 2.5 mcg;
• filamentous hemagglutinin – 8 mcg.

Additional elements are aluminum, injection water and sodium chloride.

In addition to the above components, Boostrix Polio contains three types of poliovirus antigens.

After the vaccine components enter the blood, the immune system begins to produce antibodies to pathogens. In the future, when bacteria enter the blood, the body copes with them on its own, preventing the development of the disease.

Popular vaccine analogues

The most common analogue is DTP. The drug, like ADS, is produced in Russia. DTP has not only positive, but also negative reviews. Parents complain that it causes many adverse reactions. But swelling and hyperemia of the skin cannot be called complications. Minor side effects indicate that the body recognizes foreign substances and fights them.

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Some children develop a fever after DPT administration. This reaction is normal. Normally, swelling should go away within 2 to 3 days. DPT is prescribed to children from three months of age. Some parents mistake symptoms of other illnesses for adverse reactions from the vaccine. If prolonged adverse reactions are detected, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will conduct diagnostics that will help identify their cause.

Why is the Boostrix Polio vaccine considered a new generation vaccine?

High efficiency of the drug, careful treatment of the body of the child who is receiving the vaccine, and reducing the risk of post-vaccination reactions are the main tasks of scientists working to improve vaccines.

The Boostrix Polio vaccine is one of the latest developments; it is a new generation immunobiological drug: it belongs to the class of acellular, that is, cell-free, and, compared to its predecessors, less toxic. The high quality of the vaccine is achieved thanks to more modern, more complex, and therefore more expensive technology for its production. Therefore, the market price of Boostrix Polio is slightly higher than the price of similar drugs. However, when it comes to the child’s health, this “disadvantage” should hardly be considered significant.

The second, no less important than acellularity, quality of Boostrix Polio is inactivation. An inactivated vaccine is an immunobiological preparation that contains a microorganism that is completely devoid of infective ability. At the same time, the ability to provoke an immune response in the child’s body and create resistance against the disease for which he is vaccinated is completely preserved.

Is it possible to avoid side effects from vaccination?

To ensure that the injection serum produces fewer adverse reactions, several rules must be followed:

1. The day before immunization, reduce the amount of food. It is better to give up dairy products;
2. Two days before vaccination, increase fluid intake (it is recommended to drink clean water);
3. If a child exhibits symptoms of a respiratory viral disease, it is necessary to postpone the procedure. A mild cold is not a contraindication;
4. With the doctor's permission, you need to give the child an antihistamine a day before immunization;
5. It is better to go to the clinic together. While in line, the child will be nervous, which will affect his well-being. While one person stands in line, the second will take the child for a walk.

The drug DTP has absolute contraindications: allergies to individual components, immunodeficiency state. Some children respond poorly to routine vaccines. In this case, the doctor recommends an analogue that does not contain a pertussis component.

You should know what reactions are normal. Side effects occur in 32% of children. If after administration of the drug the temperature rises to 38 degrees, there is no need to worry. But if it does not decrease within two days, you should consult a doctor; perhaps the child has caught an infection that is not related to immunization.

Pain at the injection site, redness, swelling, swelling with a diameter of 5 cm - such reactions are normal and disappear within 2 days. Possible central nervous system disorders: nervousness, anxiety. Some children experience diarrhea and nausea.

Prolonged side symptoms are often associated with the presence of a pertussis component. Not all children tolerate it well. In 1% of vaccinated people, the temperature rises above 38.9. The probability of anaphylactic shock is negligible and amounts to 0.00001%.

Possible reactions and complications

Boostrix has undesirable effects similar to DPT. But their frequency of occurrence is much less common. This is because:

• firstly, the vaccine is given to older children than DTP;
• secondly, it contains a smaller number of antigens, therefore, there is less likelihood of complications.

The most common side effects include the following:

• decreased appetite;
• redness, pain at the injection site;
• prolonged crying;
• fever.

Less commonly seen:

• diarrhea;
• reactive polyarthritis;
• headache;
• swelling of the injection site or the entire limb into which the injection was given;
• loose stools;
• pathology of the lymphatic system;
• itching and rash.

Severe complications occur extremely rarely (1/10,000 cases):

• anaphylaxis;
• shock;
• collapse;
• severe cramps;
• temperature above 40.5 °C.

When should you refuse vaccination?

If a relative contraindication is identified in a child (this may be a respiratory viral disease in the acute stage), one should wait for recovery and only then immunize.

Relative contraindications also include treatment with certain medications. DTP and ADS vaccinations have absolute contraindications - immunodeficiency state. Some patients develop an allergic reaction to these vaccines, and then immunization is not carried out. If the child has severe hypersensitivity to the pertussis component, the doctor recommends ADS

Infanrix Hexa

Serum for injection helps the body build immunity against 6 pathologies. Infanrix Hexa, like the drugs ADS and DPT, is intended for the prevention of tetanus. This pathology occurs due to the fact that an anaerobic bacterium enters the body.

Infanrix Hexa forms immunity against whooping cough, which is transmitted by airborne droplets. Serum for injection provides prevention of diphtheria and diseases such as hepatitis B. Vaccination with the drug is indicated for people who are at risk of contracting Haemophilus influenzae infection.

The product contains deactivated toxoids of whooping cough and diphtheria. When they enter the body, they contribute to the formation of an immune response. If a patient becomes infected with a deadly disease, it will be mild. The drug contains tetanus toxoid, deactivated by formaldehyde. The drug provides prevention of hepatitis B, as well as Haemophilus influenzae infection.

In addition to the main active ingredients, the serum has auxiliary components:

• sodium and potassium chloride;
• phosphate;
• aluminum hydroxide.

These substances are diluted with distilled water. A single dosage of Infanrix Hexa is 0.5 ml

The serum has contraindications. It is not prescribed to patients who have hypersensitivity to its components, including pertussis components. The drug is prohibited for patients who have had an anaphylactic reaction to similar drugs. Other contraindications.

• coma;
• pathologies associated with impaired consciousness;
• any previously identified allergic reactions to the pertussis component;
• neurological disorders;
• epilepsy;
• any disease in the acute stage (these contraindications are temporary).

If the temperature rises against the background of illness, you should wait until it returns to normal and only then vaccinate. The drug, which is an analogue, is not prescribed to pregnant and lactating women. Infanrix Hexa is administered intramuscularly.

Adverse reactions are more common in children, as they have weaker immunity. The following may appear: migraine, weakness, malaise, skin hyperemia in the area of ​​serum administration. If such reactions go away after two days, there is no need to worry, otherwise you need to consult a doctor.

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Infanrix Penta

Serum for injection provides prevention of five deadly pathologies. It contains the same active ingredients as its analogues. Infanrix Penta promotes the formation of immunity against tetanus (a rare, deadly pathology). Active components in combination with auxiliary ones prevent whooping cough, polio and diphtheria. Your doctor recommends immunization with this drug if you are at risk of contracting hepatitis B.

The drug contains neutralized diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. When they enter the body, an immune response begins to be produced. Infanrix Penta should be used in a clinical setting. The probability of anaphylactic shock from the drug is negligible and amounts to 0.00001%.

The serum prevents whooping cough, which is transmitted by airborne droplets. Its active components (toxoids) are neutralized using formaldehyde. The hepatitis B antigen contained in the composition promotes the formation of an immune response against severe pathology. The drug is available in a 500 ml package and is used to immunize infants up to six months.

The serum has absolute contraindications: an allergic reaction to its components, anaphylactic shock, which manifested itself in response to previously administered vaccines, including those with a pertussis component. The drug should not be administered to patients diagnosed with encephalopathy.

Other contraindications:

• coma;
• thrombosis;
• pathologies accompanied by impaired consciousness.

If a child is sick with ARVI or another respiratory viral disease, you should postpone the preventive procedure. Such pathologies are accompanied by weakness, malaise, and fever.

The doctor recommends immunization after recovery. The drug is prohibited for pregnant and lactating women. A single dosage is 0.5 ml. The serum is administered intramuscularly. The interval between vaccinations is 4-6 weeks. Infanrix Penta is prescribed to children under six months of age.

The serum may cause adverse reactions. Some children experience pain at the injection site, fever, and migraines. Such reactions are normal and go away within a couple of days. If your child has vomiting or diarrhea, contact your doctor.

Ads-M-Biolek

The combination serum is based on aluminum hydroxide. It provides prevention of diphtheria and tetanus. Ads-M-Biolek contains deactivated tetanus and diphtheria toxoids.

The drug is administered in accordance with the vaccination schedule. The tetanus toxoid in the vaccine is neutralized using formaldehyde. Immunobiological substances (deactivated toxins) are not harmful to health; on the contrary, they stimulate the immune response.

Auxiliary components include sodium chloride, aluminum hydroxide and pharmaceutical water. Ads-M-Biolek is available in the form of suspensions. The serum is intended for children over 6 years old; it can also be recommended for adults.

The drug is prescribed to children who are allergic to the pertussis component. Ads-M-Biolek is approved for patients with HIV infection. The drug is prohibited for persons allergic to its individual components. If anaphylactic shock was previously detected in response to drugs with neutralized diphtheria and tetanus toxins, Ads-M-Biolek should be abandoned.

The prophylactic drug is prohibited for adults and children diagnosed with encephalopathy. Contraindications include neurological pathologies, including epilepsy. Serum is not prescribed if the patient has congenital immunodeficiency. If a child or adult is diagnosed with cancer, the doctor recommends a safer analogue.

Another contraindication is immunosuppressive therapy. Infectious diseases in the acute stage, as well as acute respiratory viral infections and severe colds are temporary contraindications. In case of exacerbation of chronic diseases, you should wait for their remission, only then vaccinate.

Intestinal diseases in the acute stage are temporary contraindications. The vaccine is not prescribed to pregnant and lactating women, or patients with fever. A single dosage is 0.5 ml. Ads-M-Biolek is administered intramuscularly. No cases of overdose have been recorded.

The drug may have side effects: weakness, nausea, migraine. Some children's body temperature rises. If the next day it drops to normal values, there is no need to worry. Hyperemia and pain at the injection site are a natural reaction of the body. In exceptional cases, severe side effects occur, such as anaphylactic shock and Quincke's edema. If you notice any side symptoms, you should consult a doctor. The doctor will review the immunization regimen and may prescribe an analogue drug.

Instructions

The Boostrix vaccine is a booster (hence its name). This means that the drug is intended for additional immunization after a full primary course, that is, for revaccination. Boostrix is ​​not used to create a primary immune response.

This vaccine is also called DPT-M, since it contains reduced doses of all components. In foreign literature there is mention of the use of this vaccine for primary immunization in children who have a strong reaction to conventional DPT.

The Boostrix vaccine is recommended for use:

• for children for revaccination starting from the age of four;
• adults who need to maintain immunity against whooping cough (medical workers, people planning to have a child in the near future).

According to the instructions, Boostrix can be administered to children from 4 years of age. But in the national Russian vaccination calendar, DPT revaccination is carried out at one and a half years, 7 and 14 years. Since a full dose of antigens is needed at 18 months, Boostrix is ​​not suitable here. But for 7 and 14 year olds this is a good, easily tolerated option. The same recommendations are given for Boostrix Polio.

Many countries, such as France, Germany, Australia, have proposed vaccination schemes for adults using Boostrix. Vaccination with this drug every 10 years is expected to reduce the risk and mortality of infants from whooping cough. After all, most often the carriers of this disease are adults.

The vaccine is administered in an amount of 0.5 ml deep intramuscularly. The deltoid brachialis muscle is well suited for this.

After vaccination, a quiet regimen is recommended; it is better not to walk or get the injection site wet that day, measure body temperature, and observe the child’s behavior.

Before vaccination, standard preparation is carried out: examination, avoiding contact with patients with acute colds, antihistamine therapy, measuring body temperature.

Contraindications

You should seriously consider using this drug if your child has had the following reactions to the use of DPT:

• temperature rise more than 40 °C;
• convulsive syndrome;
• a history of encephalopathy, as well as epileptic seizures or other serious neurological symptoms;
• shock or collapse;
• neurological reactions such as incessant crying.

These complications from DTP vaccination are in most cases caused by the pertussis component. And “Boostrix” is the same DTP, only containing a smaller number of antigens. Therefore, it is also capable of causing these reactions.

Vaccination is contraindicated for people with individual intolerance to its components and if there has been an allergic reaction to any vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough.

Regarding encephalopathy, epilepsy and convulsive syndrome, the manufacturer indicates that the vaccine cannot be given during attacks, but its use should only be postponed until the period of remission (quietness). The issue of refusing vaccination should be decided in advance by consulting a doctor.

Anaphylactic shock: what the patient should know

If a dangerous condition occurs, the doctor uses one percent adrenaline and several additional drugs. An anaphylactic reaction is manifested by difficulty breathing, heart failure, and low blood pressure.

To restore the functions of the heart and respiratory organs, it is necessary to eliminate the factor that provoked the dangerous condition. A tourniquet is applied at the site of vaccine administration. Thanks to this procedure, the active components do not spread throughout the bloodstream. The doctor assesses the victim’s condition and administers one percent Epinephrine and nine percent sodium chloride. Complications arise in exceptional situations. In the absence of contraindications, the patient should not be afraid of preventive immunization.

BUSTRIX VACCINE 1 DOSE No. 1

BOOSTRIX™ combined vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis, acellular purified inactivated liquid (BOOSTRIX™) GlaxoSmithKline Export J07A J52 COMPOSITION AND FORM: suspension. d/in. 1 dose vial. 0.5 ml, No. 1 suspension. d/in. 1 dose 0.5 ml syringe, with 2 needles, No. 1 Each dose (0.5 ml) contains at least 2 International Units (IU) or 2.5 Lf (flocculation limit values) of diphtheria toxoid, at least 20 IU (5 Lf) tetanus toxoid and 8 µg detoxified pertussis toxin (PT), and 8 µg filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and 2.5 µg pertactin. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids obtained from cultures of Corynebacterium diphtheria and Clostridium tetani are inactivated and purified. The components of the acellular pertussis vaccine (PT, FHA and pertactin) are prepared by growing a phase I culture of Bordetella pertussis, from which RT, FHA and pertactin are extracted and purified. Diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and acellular pertussis components of the vaccine are adsorbed on aluminum salts. No. 831/11-300200000 from 02/21/2011 to 02/21/2016 INDICATIONS: booster immunization (re-vaccination) against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough in persons starting from 4 years of age. APPLICATION: a one-time administration of the vaccine in a dose of 0.5 ml is recommended. The Boostrix vaccine can be prescribed according to current medical practice of booster immunization and combined diphtheria and tetanus vaccines for adults when revaccination against whooping cough is necessary. In accordance with current recommendations for maintaining post-vaccinal immunity against diphtheria and tetanus, the interval between doses should not exceed 10 years. The primary vaccination course should not be repeated if the interval between booster doses exceeds 10 years. Injuries where there is a risk of tetanus: In the event of an injury where there is a risk of tetanus, Boostrix can be used instead of the combined diphtheria-tetanus vaccine in adults who have not received tetanus toxoid in the past 5 years and who would benefit from an additional booster vaccination. against diphtheria and whooping cough. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Boostrix vaccine should not be administered to persons with a known hypersensitivity to any component of the vaccine or to persons who have shown signs of hypersensitivity following previous administration of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. The Boostrix vaccine is contraindicated if encephalopathy of unknown etiology is noted within 7 days after a previous vaccination with a vaccine containing a pertussis component. In this case, the vaccination course should be continued with a combined vaccine with diphtheria and tetanus components. Boostrix should not be administered to individuals who have experienced temporary thrombocytopenia or neurological complications following previous immunization against diphtheria and/or tetanus. SIDE EFFECTS: Based on controlled clinical studies, the most common reactions reported were reactions at the site of vaccine administration. These include: pain (73%, 2% severe), redness (32%, 6% ≥50 mm) and swelling (28%, 6% ≥50 mm). All local symptoms disappeared without consequences. Systemic adverse reactions considered possibly or significantly related to vaccination that have been reported in adults and adolescents include: malaise (11%, 0.7% severe), fatigue (19%, 0.8% severe), and headache (16%, 0.7% severe). Common symptoms in children vaccinated were: diarrhea (4%, 0% severe), irritability (8%, 0% severe), loss of appetite (8%, 0.5% severe), vomiting (3%, 0% severe). An increase in body temperature above 39 °C, considered possibly or definitely related to vaccination, was noted in adolescents and adults (0.1%). All unexpected symptoms were reported infrequently and included: excessive sweating (0.2%), hypertension (0.3%), arthrosis (0.2%), myalgia (0.9%), pruritus (0.6%) and lymphadenopathy (0.7%). There are very rare reports of allergic reactions, including anaphylactoid reactions, with DTPa vaccines. Very rarely, cases of collapse or a shock-like state (hypotensive-hyporesponsive episode) and seizures may occur within 2–3 days after the use of vaccines that contain DTPa components, or combination vaccines with these components. All individuals recovered completely on their own without any sequelae. To date, there have been no cases of collapse or shock-like state when using the Boostrix vaccine. Data obtained from 146 patients indicate a slight increase in local reactogenicity (pain, hyperemia, swelling) with repeated vaccinations in adults (over 40 years of age) according to schedule 0; 1; 6 months In patients who received all 4 doses of DTPw vaccine followed by Boostrix vaccine at approximately 10 years of age, an increase in local reactogenicity was noted after an additional dose of Boostrix vaccine administered 10 years ago. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: Good clinical practice suggests that vaccination should be preceded by a period of review of the medical history (especially regarding previous vaccinations and the possible occurrence of unwanted side effects) and clinical examination. As with other vaccines, the use of Boostrix should be delayed in persons with illnesses that are accompanied by fever. However, the presence of a minor infection is not a contraindication to immunization. If any of the following symptoms are known to be temporally associated with pertussis vaccine, the decision to administer subsequent doses of vaccines that contain pertussis must be carefully considered: body temperature ≥40°C within 48 hours of vaccination not related to other causes that can be identified; collapse or shock-like state (hypotensive-hyporesponsive episode) within 48 hours after vaccination; crying or screaming that does not stop and cannot be calmed, lasts ≥3 hours, occurs within 48 hours after vaccination; convulsions with or without fever occurring within 3 days after vaccination. In children with progressive neurological disorders, including infantile spasms, uncontrolled epilepsy, or progressive encephalopathy, it is best to defer immunization against pertussis (Pa-acellular pertussis component, Pw-whole cell pertussis component) until the condition improves or stabilizes. However, the decision to use pertussis vaccine should be made on an individual basis after careful consideration of the possible risks and benefits. A history of seizures or a family history of seizures and side effects is not a contraindication to vaccination. HIV is not a contraindication for vaccination, but the expected immunological response may not be obtained in patients with immunodeficiency. As with all injectable vaccines, appropriate medical care and monitoring should always be readily available in the event of rare anaphylactic reactions following vaccine administration. Therefore, patients should be under medical supervision for at least 30 minutes after vaccination. Like all vaccines for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, Boostrix should be administered deep intramuscularly, into the deltoid muscle. Boostrix vaccine should be administered with caution to persons with thrombocytopenia or bleeding disorders, as bleeding may occur in such persons when administered intramuscularly. Do not administer Boostrix IV. Pregnancy and lactation period. As with all inactivated vaccines, no harmful effects on the fetus are observed when using Boostrix. However, there is no sufficient data on the use of a vaccine that contains a pertussis component in pregnant women. Therefore, it is necessary to use Boostrix during pregnancy only if the benefits of using the vaccine outweigh the possible risk to the fetus. If tetanus vaccination is necessary, tetanus vaccine or a combined tetanus/diphtheria vaccine should be preferred. Data on use during breastfeeding in humans and reproductive studies in animals are not available. INTERACTIONS: Concomitant use with other inactivated vaccines and immunoglobulins does not affect the immune responses to these vaccines. If necessary, Boostrix can be prescribed simultaneously with other vaccines or immunoglobulins, but they should be injected into different areas of the body. An adequate immune response may not be achieved in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or in immunocompromised patients. For such patients, if there is a need to administer tetanus vaccine to an injury at risk of contracting tetanus, pure tetanus vaccine should be used. STORAGE CONDITIONS: in a place protected from light at a temperature of 2–8 °C. Do not freeze! CHARACTERISTICS: administration of the drug according to approved recommendations causes the formation of specific immunity against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough. The immune response to diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (acellular) vaccine components is shown in the table (based on comparative studies of dTpa with dT when administered a booster dose to individuals of different age groups, and after the use of vaccines with whole-cell or acellular pertussis components during previous vaccination). Age, years Previous vaccination Results obtained after vaccination dTpa Anti-PT*, % Anti-FHA*, % Anti-PRN*, % Anti-diphtheria, % Anti-tetanus, % 10–13 4 doses DTPw (primary + booster) 92.1 96 .8 98.9 100 100 11–17 4 doses DTPw (primary + booster) 100 95.0 100 100 100 ≥18 heterogeneous 95 99.2 98.5 92.7 99.8 *Percentage of vaccinated people who were seronegative before vaccinations that had titers of anti-PT, anti-FHA, anti-PRN antibodies ≥5 IU/ml after vaccination or the percentage of vaccinated people who had a one-time increase in the titer of the above antibodies after vaccination of seropositive individuals by 2 times. **Percentage of vaccinated people whose anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibody titers were ≥0.1 IU/ml after vaccination. Comparative studies with commercial dT vaccines indicate that the efficacy and duration of protection are similar to those obtained with these vaccines. Protective efficacy of the pertussis component of the vaccine There are currently no data on the effectiveness of Boostrix vaccination against specific pertussis, but the protective effectiveness of the DTPa vaccine (Infanrix) from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals against typical pertussis as defined by the WHO (≥21 days of laboratory-confirmed paroxysmal cough ) was demonstrated in the following 3-dose primary vaccination studies: a prospective, blinded study among family contacts conducted in Germany (3, 4, 5 months). Based on data obtained from secondary contacts in families with an index case of typical pertussis, the protective efficacy of the vaccine was 88.7%. Protection against laboratory-confirmed mild disease, defined as cough of any type for 14 days or more, was 73% and 67% when disease was defined as cough of any type for 7 days or more; An NIH-sponsored efficacy study conducted in Italy (2, 4, 6 months) found the vaccine to be 84% effective. When the disease definition was expanded to include clinically milder cases in terms of cough type and duration, the calculated efficacy of Infanrix vaccine was 71% for cough >7 days of any type and 73% for cough >14 days of any type. Individuals who were vaccinated with Boostrix achieved higher antibody titres against whooping cough than in a study of family contacts in Germany, where the protective efficacy of the vaccine was 88.7%. Five to six years after immunization with Boostrix, at least 94% of children vaccinated at age 4 years and older had protective antibody levels or were seropositive for all vaccine components except pertussis toxoid (52% of patients were seropositive for pertussis toxoid ). Ten years after immunization with Boostrix, at least 86% of adults had protective antibody levels or were seropositive for all vaccine components. Among adolescents, the percentage of individuals who had protective antibody levels or were seropositive was at least 82% for all vaccine components, with the exception of pertussis toxoid (61% of patients were seropositive for pertussis toxoid). The immunogenicity of the Boostrix vaccine was assessed 10 years after a previous booster immunization with a vaccine that contained reduced amounts of diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis antigens. One month after vaccination, more than 99% of patients had serological protection against diphtheria and tetanus and were seropositive for whooping cough. In patients aged >40 years who have not received any diphtheria or tetanus vaccine within the past 20 years (including those who have never been immunized or whose vaccination status is unknown), a single dose of Boostrix vaccine in most cases cases caused the development of antibodies against whooping cough and provided protection against tetanus and diphtheria. Two additional doses of diphtheria-tetanus vaccine given 1 and 6 months after the first dose maximized vaccine protection against diphtheria and tetanus.

How do you feel about mandatory vaccination?

• Positively, it prevents many diseases. 60%, 2641 votes
  2641 votes 60%

  2641 votes - 60% of all votes

• Negatively, these are all government schemes to make it easier to manage us. 26%, 1157 votes

  1157 votes 26%

  1157 votes - 26% of all votes

• Neutral, I don’t think it has any effect on my health. 13%, 592 votes

  592 votes 13%

  592 votes - 13% of all votes

Total votes: 4390

Votes: 4365

January 17, 2018

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