Temperature after DTP vaccination and polio

DPT vaccination is one of the most problematic. It causes a number of disagreements both among doctors and among parents, and more often than other vaccines provokes the development of complications of various types and severity. Therefore, after the procedure, experts strongly recommend that parents be especially attentive to the child’s condition so as not to miss the moment when the baby may require urgent medical attention.

Precautionary measures

You should never forget that when going for vaccination, you need to adhere to special rules in order to avoid possible complications, and so that the vaccination process goes unnoticed by the child.

In order to prevent the temperature from rising, you can do the following:

Make sure that your baby is absolutely healthy at the time of vaccination.
Isolate your child from sick people a week before vaccination.
Make sure that all sanitary standards are observed when administering the vaccine.
Do not overheat your child before and after vaccination, do not overfeed him.
Strengthen your baby's immunity.

Of course, you cannot do everything to 100% prevent the temperature from rising, but you can reduce the likelihood of its development.

After reading this article, you learned that hyperthermia does not always characterize the presence of a pathological process. After polio vaccination, most often this condition is a normal response of the body to the introduction of foreign agents. In addition, it is necessary to observe certain measures in preparation for vaccination and after this procedure in order to minimize the risk of complications and side effects, even such as temperature, because even with small deviations from temperature indicators, the baby may experience discomfort, your task is to prevent this. I wish that your little one’s polio vaccination is successful and does not cause any consequences.

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Dr. Komarovsky about the increase in temperature after vaccination:

If your baby has a fever after the DTP vaccination, do not despair. Elevated levels (no more than 39 C) indicate a normal reaction of the body to the pathogen. In such cases, the main task of parents is to carefully monitor the baby’s condition, as well as use the usual medications.

As a rule, this is quite enough to survive the post-vaccination period painlessly and without any consequences. In order to prevent complications and save yourself from additional worries, you should ask your doctor in advance about the duration of the period of hyperthermia, as well as about the set of possible manifestations that are considered to be the absolute norm after the administration of the DPT vaccine.

What vaccinations should you pay attention to?

Here is a list of vaccines that are more likely to cause a reaction to a vaccine.

DTP is the most reactogenic vaccine. Most often causes fever and allergic reactions. Babies have a fever already on the first day. The temperature can last up to 2 days. It is possible that the temperature does not subside even after 5 days.
Vaccinations against measles, mumps and rubella rarely cause an immune response. But fever can start after 6 days or even two weeks. It is during this period that the virus actively multiplies.
A rise in temperature is rare, but can also be observed after a live polio vaccine. Typically the readings do not exceed 38 degrees.
The thermometer may rise to 37-39 even after BCG vaccination. This happens rarely, but it happens after a few months. In this case, the injection site turns into a festering ulcer - this is a reason to go to the pediatrician.

Regevak B, created by genetic engineering, is used to prevent hepatitis B. The yeast suspension is administered intramuscularly. The first vaccination is given in the maternity hospital on the first birthday. Next vaccinations at 3 and 6 months. After vaccination, the child often experiences redness and swelling at the needle insertion site, fever up to 38 degrees, lethargy, allergies and joint pain.

Most often, these symptoms are mild and disappear within six days.

If a child has a fever after a flu vaccination, the injection was given with a composition containing live bacteria. In this case, the baby experiences weakness, headaches and body aches, especially if the immune system is weakened. The symptoms are similar to the flu. Inactivated vaccines rarely cause fever or other symptoms.

Reaction to DTP vaccination

The skin reaction to DTP vaccination, expressed in redness and swelling, moderate itching, and the appearance of a slight thickening, is considered a common consequence of the drug administration.

In addition, it is possible:

heat up to 38-39 °C;
anxiety;
lethargy;
temporary loss of appetite;
diarrhea and vomiting.

The described reactions are not dangerous. When asked how long the temperature can last after vaccination, experts answer: approximately 5 days, and the child’s condition will be normalized.

Why is a vaccine needed and what reaction can it cause?

This disease usually manifests itself as an acute respiratory infection or an intestinal infection, due to which it is not always possible to diagnose the disease correctly and in a timely manner. Very often, only the first manifestations of paralysis allow doctors to determine the occurrence and development of this particular disease. Also, the consequences of polio include such a serious disease as serous meningitis, when the membranes of the brain are affected. After paralysis and meningitis, the body recovers very difficultly or is not at all able to regenerate itself, being subject to constant complications in the form of:

reduction in the size of one limb;
pathological changes in the muscular system;
disorders of sensory and motor innervation.

Today, there is the most effective preventive method of polio - the vaccine. These vaccinations are of the following types:

oral vaccination (OPV - drops);
inactivated vaccination (IPV - injection).

The frequency and duration - after how many days the procedure should be repeated - depend on which specific type was chosen. Statistics show that OPV may still cause polio in one in 2.5 million cases.

When prescribing this type of vaccination, it is important to be absolutely sure that the child is completely healthy. If the child has problems with immunity, it is better to give preference to IPV, and proper preparation for the procedure will play an important role. However, after any type of polio vaccination, the following reactions may occur:

Allergic reaction or diarrhea. These symptoms are harmless and do not require separate treatment.
Infection with polio as a result of OPV.
Sometimes the temperature rises slightly, and there is also a decrease in the child’s activity and appetite. These reactions are also considered harmless, unless, of course, the temperature is maintained for a long time.

Is it possible to do it at the same time?

DTP is a vaccine drug that protects a person from infection with the germs of whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus bacilli. The product contains toxoids and killed whooping cough cells.

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Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious infectious disease that affects the spinal canal, causing paralysis. To protect against this pathology, two types of vaccines are used: IPV and OPV. The first is administered by injection, the second - orally.

DPT vaccine

Diphtheria, whooping cough, polio, and tetanus are difficult to tolerate, especially in childhood. These diseases can lead to disability and death, so immunoprophylaxis is performed to prevent infection.

In terms of timing, vaccination against these four dangerous diseases is carried out at the same time. Doctors recommend injecting antigenic materials at the same time. This approach does not increase the likelihood of developing adverse reactions and complications. The immune system immediately recognizes foreign substances and begins to actively fight them, producing antibodies.

Experts cite the following advantages of getting two vaccinations on the same day:

saving time. There is no need to visit the manipulation room twice. The procedures are performed in one day; minimizing stress. Vaccination for a baby is a psycho-emotional shock. Stress leads to a weakening of the child’s body’s defenses

Therefore, it is important to protect the baby from unnecessary worries. This can be achieved by minimizing the number of trips to the doctor; the body’s reaction to the simultaneous administration of two drugs will be the same as in the case of injection procedures on different days; completion of vaccination as soon as possible

This will protect the baby in the first months of his life; reducing the number of contacts with other children in the hospital. This minimizes the risk of contracting infectious and viral pathologies; safety. It has been scientifically proven that the simultaneous administration of several vaccines does not cause any more adverse reactions, does not reduce the quality of the formed immunity and does not provoke the emergence of health problems. When licensing a new vaccine, it is tested for compatibility with other antigenic materials. DPT, OPV, IPV have proven their effectiveness and safety when used in combination.

Oral polio vaccine

But there are also disadvantages to this approach. If an allergic reaction or other side effects occurs, it will not be possible to determine which vaccine provoked such a response from the body (DTP or OPV (IPV)). This will create problems in the future with the formation of reliable protection.

The famous pediatrician, Evgeny Komarovsky, reassures young parents that vaccinations against polio, diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, given on the same day, do not lead to the development of negative consequences. He advocates vaccination against several pathologies in one day. But the doctor warns that the child must be completely healthy.

It is unacceptable to vaccinate in the following cases:

an infectious disease suffered less than a month ago;
acute phase of chronic pathology;
development of an atypical reaction to polio or DTP vaccination;
genetic disorders of the immune system;
The baby has already had whooping cough, diphtheria or polio.

For children who are weakened or have a predisposition to developing severe reactions to vaccination, it is better to give the DTP and polio vaccine on different days.

At approximately the same time as DTP and the anti-polio drug, antigenic material is introduced to develop protective forces against hepatitis. Doctors believe the three vaccines work well together and can be given on the same day. The main thing is to follow the rules of preparation and behavior during the post-vaccination period.

What to do if a child has a fever for a long time?

For hyperthermia in children, it is important to use approved medications in age-appropriate dosages. The safest drugs are based on ibuprofen (Nurofen) or paracetamol (Cefekon D)

For small children, it is better to use the medicine in the form of syrup or suppositories.

To reduce the temperature faster after vaccination, you can wipe your baby with water at room temperature. Do not wipe with solutions based on vinegar or alcohol.

If the temperature after DPT vaccination does not go away even a day after vaccination, this may indicate the development of complications. For example, after ingestion of pathogenic microflora, a child may experience an exacerbation of chronic diseases that occur in a latent form.

The cause of prolonged hyperthermia can be the addition of a parallel infection, the development of laryngitis, abscess, allergic reaction and many other side effects.

You cannot self-medicate or wait until the fever goes away on its own.

How to help your baby with a fever

Pediatricians recommend using the following methods to combat hyperthermia caused by the DTP vaccine:

Medicines based on paracetamol, which are available in the form of suppositories or syrup (Tylenol, Panadol, Cefekon, etc.). For prevention, it is better to give it to the child at night, but some doctors advise taking an antipyretic during the day, immediately upon arriving home after the injection.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of syrup (Nurofen, Ibuprofen, Burana) should be given only to bring down the temperature above 38 ° C.
If you have severe hyperthermia, call an ambulance. To hold out while waiting for doctors, wipe your baby with cool water and a weak vinegar solution.
Remove as much clothing as possible according to room conditions.
Let's drink more.

Any other therapeutic measures are permissible only with a doctor’s prescription during examination of the child.

To restore well-being after hyperthermia, which lasts more than a day, substances are recommended for the rehabilitation of water-electrolyte balance and the removal of toxins: Hydrovit, Regidron, Glucosolan.

Timing of vaccination and revaccination

One-time testing of DTP and polio is also possible because the time limits regulated for their implementation generally coincide.

The schedule for vaccination with DPT vaccine is as follows:

1st injection – 3 months;
2nd vaccination – 4.5 months. It is better to use the same vaccine as the first time. But this is optional. If this is not possible, you can vaccinate your baby with DTP analogues, they are all compatible;
3rd vaccination – 6 months;
4th injection – 1.5 years.

This 4-fold vaccination is enough to develop protective immunity in the child’s body. To consolidate the result, additional vaccination is carried out with booster doses, but with drugs that exclude the pertussis component (ADSM or ADS).

The revaccination procedure is as follows:

1st revaccination – a year later (relative to the start of the course);
2nd booster dose – at 7 years;
3rd revaccination – at 14 years of age.

For polio vaccines, the vaccination schedule is as follows:

1st injection – 3 months. An IPV (inactivated agent) injection is given;
2nd vaccination – 4.5 months. IPV;
3rd vaccine – 6 months. OPV is administered - an oral drug (drops).

Revaccination is carried out only with OPV according to a 3-fold schedule: at 1.5 years, 1 year and 8 months. and the last time at 14 years old. The adult population can also be additionally vaccinated with ADSM every 10 years.

Increase in temperature due to vaccination

Temperatures, sometimes reaching 39 °C, are considered a normal manifestation of DPT and polio. The reason is the intensive process of producing antibodies in the blood of the vaccinated baby, which will prevent him from getting sick in the future. After about two days the fever will disappear.

At the same time, the absence of fever as a reaction to DPT does not mean that the vaccine “did not work,” as parents sometimes believe. It’s just that the child’s body turned out to be so strong that it was able to give a decisive rebuff to the virus, but everything is in perfect order with the development of immunity! To cast aside any doubts, after about six months you need to do a blood test: it will show the presence of antibodies.

There are other, less common, causes of high fever: for example, it can be caused by severe swelling at the injection site.

Unfortunately, sometimes a child's fever is the result of using a poorly purified vaccine. You should worry about the temperature if it reaches 39.5-40 ° C, and it cannot be brought down for a long time (more than 3 days) or, in addition to fever, there are other signs of poor condition: rash on body, swelling of the face, fainting, incessant vomiting, diarrhea.

How many days after DPT vaccination can a child have a fever?

between parents and

Nimid, etc.) temperature does not decrease, mild, medium and If you have been vaccinated, infections. after vaccination, doctors go away without increasing children who will have the thermometer above 39Cmoderate - 37.8C -38C; immediately give the vaccination in your own way, the child becomes a carrier and this disease has fewer consequences than the root drug

as a child. Take the baby

in the form of solutions. Stop giving your child a strong reaction to a vaccine that contains B. It is often advised to take the temperature, but the rise of the vaccine, you should find out, you need to give nimesulide strong - above 38C. Nurofen. The temperature may in some children infect others with a virus against which children have the tongue, and this one in your arms, pump the child. The child needs plenty of antipyretics and a vaccine. Weak reaction of weakened particles of microorganisms to an antihistamine vaccine. Need temperature after some how to act when in syrup

To study Ointments for hernia of the lumbar spine

So important! The norm is considered to be a temperature of two or three

There are no children at all. Of course, if vaccination has been carried out, reduced immunity and the zone does not have

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occur in children

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Bitter taste maybe

Help will help the child to go away with leading to serious illness. The average reaction is two days after the living and weakened, convulsive syndrome (after its administration, it neutralizes its components, inoculates with a lightweight vaccine, take paracetamol. the queue in the hospital is 38 degrees, then with immunodeficiency there is a disease after administration forms of the virus. After

Involuntarily burp.

Deal with sweat faster. To prepare for complications. Also not for administering vaccine injections. Usually this or parts of them. A temperature reaction is possible at a temperature so that as a result of ADS. When the temperature begins to rise, you can catch the virus. To knock it down, pediatricians refrain from communicating the virus in the living,

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Vaccine administration schedule

In the first six months of life, when the basis of a child’s diet is mother’s milk, the most active formation of immunity occurs. Therefore, it is very important to start getting vaccinated with the DPT vaccine at this age.

Immediately after birth, doctors should notify new parents about upcoming vaccinations and even administer some of them. You will definitely need to write your agreement or refusal for this.

When to vaccinate:

After birth:

I hepatitis B - in the first 12-24 hours after birth.
BCG - 3-7 days from birth.

Up to 1 year:

II hepatitis B - 1 month.
I DTP and polio - at 3 months.
II DTP and polio - at 4-5 months.
III DTP and hepatitis B - at 6 months.
Measles, rubella, mumps - at 12 months.

After 1 year:

DPT revaccination and polio – 1.5 years.
Revaccination for polio – 20 months.
II measles, rubella, mumps - 6 years.
II revaccination with DPT, I revaccination with tuberculosis - 7 years.
Hepatitis B, rubella - 13.
III revaccination DPT polio – 14.

The body’s resistance to the administered substance, in particular to DPT, can be local and general. But it is not necessary for all the signs to manifest themselves. The child’s body may not express its attitude towards the vaccine in any way.

What doctors are silent about

The human immune system is divided into several types. The hospital receives vaccines with different coding. And they should be placed in accordance with the type of immune system of the child. To do this, pediatricians are required to find out this type before vaccination, for which blood is taken for analysis. But this is not done in Russian hospitals. This is a waste of energy and time. And children usually cope well with vaccinations with rare exceptions.

The more vaccines given at the same time, the higher the load on the immune system.

Vaccine toxoids are allergens. In children without a tendency to allergies, a mismatch between the type of vaccine and the type of immune system will cause a temperature increase that is slightly higher than normal. The child can cope - and everything will be fine. But if this is not the case, children may experience serious consequences and even developmental disabilities. There are cases when children who developed absolutely normally, after an extremely difficult vaccination, began to get sick and openly lag behind in development, even to the point of being autistic.

Therefore, parents should be vigilant and undergo thorough examinations, collecting as much information as possible about their own child, without relying on the will of doctors or chance. DPT, hepatitis and other Russian-made vaccines are overloaded with unnecessary strains that have not been eliminated. All this accumulation of microviruses enters the immune system of a small child, and even with three vaccinations at once.

Doctors talk about the safety of simultaneous vaccinations, but are silent about the load on the immune system. The French-made Pentaxim vaccine costs money, but it inoculates against 5 diseases at once: polio, diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough and infections caused by meningitis, pneumonia and others. It contains significantly fewer strains, so children tolerate it much easier.

What not to do

After vaccination, you should not rush and leave the clinic immediately. It is advisable to stay in the medical facility for about half an hour and observe the baby’s behavior: in case of complications, he will be provided with the necessary assistance.

Arriving home, it is necessary to provide the baby with everything necessary to make it easier for the baby to endure the period while antibodies are produced in his blood:

There is no need to feed your child before or after the vaccination procedure. Do not introduce new dishes into your diet over the next few days.
On the day of the procedure, refrain from swimming, and in the following days, under no circumstances rub the injection site with a washcloth.
If redness and swelling appear on the leg, and the baby is worried, there is no need to make an alcohol compress. Troxevasin ointment will help relieve inflammation. It should be lubricated on the sore spot.
It is not recommended to walk on the day of the procedure, and in the following days - not to be in crowded places, since vaccination creates an additional burden on the immune system: the risk of contracting an infection is especially high.
In case of high heat, which can rise in the evening, you should not wrap your child up; on the contrary, you need to remove excess clothing from him. You should not lower your temperature with aspirin; it will cause gastrointestinal irritation.

If you are allergic to one or another vaccine, you do not need to give your baby antihistamines Suprastin or Tavegil. By drying out the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, they create favorable conditions for infection: replace them with Finistil or Zyrtec.

What is DTP, and why is this vaccination needed?

DTP is a purified vaccine, the action of which is aimed at protecting the child’s body from three serious diseases at once - whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus. After its administration, a person produces antibodies and T-lymphocytes that fight foreign infectious microorganisms. The vaccination can be done provided that the child is completely healthy and there are no signs of colds. At the age of up to one year, vaccination is carried out three times (at 3 months, at 4.5 months and at six months), then revaccination is carried out every 10 years. Sometimes a polio or hepatitis vaccine is added to the first injection.

READ ALSO: Can vaccinated children develop whooping cough?

Vaccination will help your child avoid the serious consequences of diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus. Diphtheria most often affects unvaccinated children aged 3-8 years. The insidiousness of the disease lies in the fact that the body is poisoned by toxins produced by the causative agent of diphtheria. As a result, the nervous system is affected (up to paralysis of the respiratory muscles and loss of limb mobility) and the heart (myocarditis develops).

READ ALSO: What should a child not do after a tetanus vaccination?

The second disease, whooping cough, is predominantly a childhood disease. The causative agent of whooping cough affects the mucous membranes of all parts of the respiratory system and disrupts respiratory function. As a result, hypoxia (oxygen starvation) begins and blood supply to the vessels of the brain is disrupted.

The AFSC vaccination protects against such dangerous diseases as diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough. READ ALSO: what vaccinations are given at 3 months?

Tetanus affects the nervous system and causes numerous severe seizures. If not treated in a timely manner, death is possible. In terms of mortality, tetanus is in second place among all existing infectious diseases, therefore, for the safety of children, it is necessary to vaccinate in a timely manner.

About the DTP vaccine

Adsorbed pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (DTP) is a complex substance that contains “dead” cells of three types of infections. Immunization will allow you to avoid the unpleasant and sometimes severe consequences of these very dangerous pathologies.

Only thanks to the regularity of the procedure for all children, it was possible to make these diseases almost a relic of the past.

Diphtheria - affects the nervous system and heart muscle, causing myocarditis. Occurs between 3 and 8 years of age.

Whooping cough lives in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. It usually manifests itself as a cough, but can provoke respiratory dysfunction, resulting in hypoxia and poor circulation in the brain. Mostly a childhood disease.

Tetanus - negatively affects the functioning of the nervous system. Provokes numerous convulsions.

If untimely or improper treatment is used, all three diseases can result in death.

Worth knowing! In Russia, one of two DTP drugs is administered: Pentaxim or Infanrix.

How long does it last?

Despite the fact that in most cases children independently cope with an increase in temperature after vaccination, there are several pathologies when seeking help from a pediatrician is mandatory.

The temperature of 39°C lasts for more than three days. In this case, the effect of the antipyretic drugs taken is ineffective or short-lived.
As appetite deteriorates, diarrhea and vomiting appear. The body is rapidly dehydrated.
At high temperatures, convulsions begin and the child faints. There are noticeable interruptions in the functioning of the heart, the rhythm and force of contraction of the heart muscle are disrupted.

Seizures in a child

Due to the fact that most complications occur after the administration of the whooping cough vaccine, doctors are constantly trying to reduce the risk of problems. The latest development is the DTaP vaccine. This is an acellular vaccine; during its production, the cells of whooping cough pathogens are split and the components most significant for the development of immunity are released.

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Vaccines for routine prevention

If the temperature has risen to 39ºC, then for a faster effect, antipyretics in the form of syrups are recommended. They help bring down a high fever within an hour. These can be suspensions based on paracetamol (Calpol, Panadol) or based on ibuprofen (Nurofen). The syrups have a sweet, fruity taste and are easily accepted by even the smallest patients.

If the temperature is not brought down by medications based on paracetamol and ibuprofen, then Nimesulide, which has an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect, can be given once. Older children are allowed to use drugs in tablet form, while syrups and suspensions are recommended for children. If you have difficulties selecting and calculating dosages, it is better to consult your doctor.

To facilitate the child’s well-being, it is necessary to provide comfortable conditions in his room - regularly ventilate the room, providing the baby with an influx of fresh air. The nursery should not be hot, the optimal temperature is 18-22ºС. Drafts are not allowed. Loud noise and bright light from the lamp will prevent the child from relaxing and falling asleep, so you should ensure silence and twilight.

Drinking regime

In case of fever after DTP, BCG and injections for hepatitis, it is recommended to give the baby plenty of fluids, due to which toxins are removed from the body. It is best to drink clean warm water in small sips - this way the liquid evenly enters all organs and systems and flushes out toxic substances. In addition to water, you can give your child warm herbal tea, homemade fruit juice or compote.

This manifestation is considered a reaction of the immune system to pathogenic organisms that have penetrated the tissues, so parents of the baby should not panic ahead of time.

Usually, taking traditional antipyretics is enough to eliminate the problem. If everything went well and no serious complications arose, the baby’s body temperature will not rise above 39 C, and the readings will return to normal the very next day after the injection.

If this does not happen, and the temperature continues to persist, you should consult a doctor. The help of a specialist will be required even in cases where the temperature readings reliably remain at around 37.5 C. There are often cases when the temperature of a baby who has undergone DPT suddenly rises on the 7-10th day.

The concept of “long” in the understanding of parents is quite loose. Some begin to fall into despair within the first few hours after discovering hyperthermia in a baby, while others believe that even 3 days of elevated temperature is not a cause for concern.

In fact, it all depends on the type of vaccine administered to the baby. For example, after the administration of DTP, the temperature can last from 1 to 2 days, without posing any particular danger to the life and health of the baby.

In such cases, it will be sufficient to take conventional antipyretic and analgesic medications. After the administration of ADS, the baby’s elevated temperature (no more than 39 C) can last up to 5 days, which is not considered a serious deviation.

In such cases, you should seek help from specialists.

We draw the attention of parents to the fact that in parallel with the high temperature, the baby may also develop other side effects. We are talking about coughing, high-pitched crying syndrome, redness of the injection site and many others.

In the case of an increase in temperature to 39 C, hyperthermia, even in the presence of additional complications, is considered the norm, characteristic of the process of the body developing immune defense.

How long does it take for it to rise after the injection?

Parents of a baby who has received DTP should carefully monitor his condition, starting from the first minutes after vaccination.

According to statistics, approximately 95% of all toxic reactions developed in children in the first 24 hours after the injection, and more than half of this number suffered from complications that made themselves felt within the first few hours.

DPT vaccine

After the vaccine is administered inside the child's body, the temperature may rise. Usually the pediatrician warns parents about this. is considered normal if the thermometer is within 37.5 - 39 C. If everything went well, the temperature will drop without medical help the very next day.

Such manifestations are normal and are considered a natural reaction of the body to pathogenic microbes that have entered inside. In such a situation, it will be enough to use a regular antipyretic and pain reliever, which parents usually use for colds.

If the temperature rises above 39 C, you should immediately call an ambulance. In such cases, we are talking about the development of severe complications, the elimination of which will require urgent medical intervention.

In the absence of timely assistance, the child’s condition may worsen, even leading to death.

Why are DPT and polio vaccinations needed?

Unfortunately, in recent years, due to negative coverage of the results of vaccinations in the media, many parents refuse to vaccinate their children and thereby expose them to mortal danger or disability. Today, a rather negative attitude towards vaccinations against DTP and polio has been artificially formed. News reports often focus on reports of isolated negative consequences, but never talk about how many lives vaccination actually saved. Negative reactions of a child’s body are very rare; their severity depends not so much on the vaccine, but on individual characteristics and the presence of hidden diseases. According to the calendar, the DPT vaccination must be done four times, the first when reaching the age of three months, the next two with an interval of 45 days, and the last at the age of one and a half years.

Vaccination calendar

The risk of children contracting such dangerous diseases is very high; they are difficult to tolerate and can cause complications, including paralysis of the limbs. Vaccination is carried out in the vast majority of countries in the world; the timing of administration of DTP and polio vaccines coincides, therefore they are included in the calendar at the same time. There are no additional negative side effects from combining these vaccines. The main requirement is compliance with the rules of administration, preparation of the child, and good health.

DTP vaccine

Opponents of vaccinations should know that before their introduction, approximately 20% of children suffered from whooping cough, of whom 50% died. The percentage of deaths from tetanus, even in the most developed countries from a medical point of view, exceeds 85%. Before vaccinations, 100% of children suffered from whooping cough, with 4% having a fatal outcome. If we refuse mass vaccinations today, the situation will inevitably repeat itself.

Poliomyelitis in a child

A pediatrician's answers to frequently asked questions

Is it possible to go for walks after vaccination with DTP and polio?

There's no need to rush. After arriving home, you should re-measure the temperature and examine the child for the presence of sores on the body. If everything is normal, the child is mobile and feels well, then going out into the fresh air is allowed. The only condition is that it is not recommended to walk in the company of children; it is better to go to the park. The more contacts with strangers, the higher the risk of developing acute respiratory infections. A weakened body should not be overloaded.

After vaccination, there is no need to rush to take your child outside.

When is swimming allowed?

Some parents are afraid to get the injection site wet, and rightly so. It is allowed to wet the injection site only after the redness has disappeared, the wound has healed, and the baby has stopped scratching it.

Is the vaccination done only in the leg?

Yes, there is a WHO recommendation for hip vaccination. This is due to the developmental characteristics of the baby. The buttocks have nerve endings, many blood vessels and subcutaneous tissue. The introduction of the vaccine into these areas sharply increases the likelihood of negative reactions of the body. In addition, long-term observations of vaccinated children showed that immunity was much better when the injection was given in the thigh. If the vaccine is given in the buttock, then this is a violation of the current rules. Injections in the shoulder can be done after one and a half years. If after the injection there is pain in the leg, then it does not need to be warmed or massaged. All consequences will go away on their own, the swelling will completely disappear no later than two weeks.

The vaccine is given only in the thigh

What to do if the vaccination schedule for DPT and polio is disrupted?

Modern recommendations exclude re-vaccination first; you need to continue the cycle as quickly as possible. Previously, vaccination was continued without the whooping cough vaccine. This was explained by two reasons.

The pertussis vaccine is the worst tolerated by children; it is not recommended to re-introduce it into the child’s body.
After the age of four, children are not so seriously ill from whooping cough; immunity is developed naturally after an illness.

Do not violate the vaccination calendar

A very safe vaccine has now been developed and medical science recommends a full vaccination schedule. This is believed to potentially cause less harm.

What is revaccination?

Many parents do not understand not only the term, but also why it is needed. The first three injections are given for vaccination, after which antibodies against the disease appear in the blood. But only after the fourth injection (re-vaccination) does the amount of antibodies become sufficient for complete protection against the disease.

Which vaccines to choose?

Currently, a huge selection of vaccines from various manufacturers is offered. According to the new calendar, classic DTP vaccinations will be prohibited due to the inconsistency of quality with modern requirements. You should buy vaccines from European companies; they strictly control their products and during production use the most modern achievements of medical technology. There are many names, there is no point in listing them. Each vaccine has minor differences, but in terms of effectiveness they all meet the strict requirements of European standards.

Infanrix Hexa

How long does immunity last?

Very important question. Adults should remember that there is no lifelong protection against these diseases; after ten years it decreases so much that the risks of the disease increase exponentially. This means that everyone, without exception, should be re-vaccinated every ten years.

Important. Diphtheria and tetanus do not provide immunity at all; protection can only be obtained through vaccination. The duration of immunity is approximately ten years.

Duration of immunity is about 10 years

Is it possible to change the vaccine manufacturer during vaccinations?

Parents are frightened by this situation; they do not welcome changes to the vaccine. You should know that all licensed and approved vaccines are interchangeable and there is no noticeable difference in effectiveness. If for some reason you don’t have one, then you don’t need to waste time looking for it, you can buy and use another one, but it must be certified.

Take care of your child's health

What can you do to knock it down?

During colds and other diseases, doctors do not recommend lowering body temperature unless it rises above 38 C. This rule does not apply to the post-vaccination period. To alleviate the child’s condition, lowering the temperature is not only possible, but also necessary.

It is recommended to carry out a set of the following activities:

medications. It is necessary to use suppositories with paracetamol or ibuprofen. If the temperature has risen above 38 C, it will not be possible to bring it down using only candles. In such a situation, you can additionally take an antipyretic syrup (for example, Panadol or Nurofen). If the temperature rises to 39 C or higher, you should urgently seek help from a doctor. When combining suppositories and syrup, it is necessary to ensure that the active ingredient in the two medications is different;
physical cooling. You should not wrap your baby up. He must wear a minimum amount of clothing. To enhance the effect, you can wipe the baby’s body with wet wipes from time to time;
drinking plenty of water and eating minimally. To prevent the baby’s condition from worsening, it is necessary to give him as much fluid as possible. But if the baby refuses to eat, there is no need to insist on feeding;
eliminate skin compaction. In some cases, additional discomfort appears in the baby due to inflammation of the injection site. In such situations, you should apply a lotion with Novocaine to the inflamed area, and then lubricate the thickened skin with Troxevasin ointment.

However, it is not recommended:

give your child Aspirin;
wipe his body with alcohol or vodka;
to go for a walk;
bathe the baby in hot water;
force the child to eat.

Following the rules will help alleviate the child’s condition and not cause side effects.

What means to use to lower the temperature

There is a wide range of different antipyretics for children; only a doctor can prescribe specific ones. If it rises above the permissible norms, then medicine recommends rectal suppositories Panadol and Cefekon D. Suppositories are much better than syrups and tablets. The child may burp the first ones and they will not work, and with tablets there are big problems when swallowing. Baby suppositories are approved for use from the age of two months; the active substance is absorbed into the blood in doses, which minimizes the risk of overdose. Another advantage of suppositories is that they do not have a toxic effect on the liver, which is very important for a young, weakened body.

"Cefekon D"

Syrups can be given only in exceptional cases when the temperature rises above +39°C. They act much faster than suppositories, lowering the temperature an hour after administration. During treatment, you must strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations specified in the instructions. You are allowed to drink syrup up to four times a day every six hours, but no more than three days in a row. In difficult cases, the doctor may prescribe nimesulide; it has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects.

Panadol candles for children

Causes of post-vaccination fever

Why does a child's temperature rise? Any vaccine is a foreign substance. It is a so-called antigen - a weakened bacterium, virus or fragment thereof. After introducing such substances into the body, the immune system begins to actively turn on protective mechanisms. The most severe reaction after vaccination is produced by vaccines with live bacteria.

DTP contains whooping cough bacteria and often causes fever. The Pentaxim vaccine is an acellular component of whooping cough and does not cause acute reactions.

A rise in temperature after vaccination and revaccinations is a common manifestation of the body’s protective functions.

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There are the following explanations for this phenomenon:

In the process of destroying the vaccine antigen, immunity to a certain disease is formed. At the same time, the immune system produces substances that contribute to the occurrence of fever.
The reaction to vaccination is individual for each child. A rise in temperature to 39 degrees is evidence of the active development of protection against infection. But the absence of such a reaction does not mean that immunity has not developed.
The fever after vaccination or its absence depends on the quality and degree of purification of the vaccine.

Fever is a completely adequate reaction of the body to vaccination. But parents need to monitor the child’s condition and, if necessary, take measures to reduce the temperature.

There are cases when vaccination for a child is prohibited, these are:

if there were complications after the previous injection;
underweight up to 2 kg for BCG vaccination;
if it is a live vaccine, it cannot be used for children with immunodeficiency;
the presence of malignant tumors;
if the child is allergic to chicken egg whites, aminoglycoside antibiotics, or yeast.
with planned DPT vaccination, if there are afebrile convulsions and diseases of the nervous system;
exacerbation of chronic diseases;
returning from a place with a different climate is a temporary method.

The period of withdrawal from vaccinations is 1 month if the child has had convulsions or epileptic attacks.

Who should not receive such vaccinations?

The main rule of vaccinations is that only a healthy baby can be vaccinated. Then the risk of complications is low, as is the appearance of unwanted side effects.

Vaccination is postponed to a later date if:

The baby has an acute infectious disease. You will have to maintain a one-week interval between the date of complete recovery and vaccination.
The child has some kind of chronic disease, and the exacerbation stage has begun. The introduction of the vaccine is postponed for a month, starting from the day when all symptoms disappear.
One of the family members is infected with a virus and there is a possibility that the child could also become infected.

There are also so-called absolute contraindications, which have no time restrictions.

Vaccinations are prohibited:

If the child’s body has shown a strong negative reaction to the previous vaccination.
For neurological disorders.
If an allergy to a component or components of the vaccine is detected.
In severe congenital immunodeficiency.
If the baby has been ill with diseases for which the vaccine is given. It is better to use a vaccine that does not contain an “extra” component.

Possible side effects after vaccination

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All side effects caused by the “live” polio vaccine are divided into two groups:

Normal or expected reactions. You should not be afraid of them, as this is a natural reaction of the child’s healthy immune system to the administered drug.
Unforeseen complications. The reason may be the child’s low immunity, which could not cope with a weak form of the virus.

Expected side effects include: loose stool, pain in the stomach (single and mild), hyperthermia up to 38.5 degrees, general malaise, weakness, minor allergic reactions (skin rash, single cough, nasal congestion). Symptoms will last 1-2 days and will go away without medical intervention.

The second group is worse - complications. If the child's immune system is weak, he or she may become ill with the vaccinated virus. Cases are rare and occur in one in several million children. The cause is a weak pathogen in the drug that causes vaccine-associated polio or VAP.

To avoid complications, before vaccination you need to examine the baby and determine his immune status. If a pediatrician finds slight deviations in the immune system, then you should refrain from using the “live” form of the vaccine temporarily or completely. This is also done if the baby has a history of significant reactions from the gastrointestinal tract after the first vaccination. A child’s stomach does not always have a normal imbalance and, as a result, after vaccination, diarrhea and vomiting may appear. These symptoms will not help build immunity and the vaccination will be in vain.

How to prepare

You can try to avoid the development of side effects and complications from vaccination by adhering to certain rules for preparing children for the procedure.

What should parents do:

Make sure that the baby is completely healthy by being examined by a doctor and passing the necessary tests. The child should not have significant signs of illness at the time of vaccination and for several weeks before it.
Bring your child to the procedure hungry (1-3 hours after eating).
During the day before the procedure, be sure to empty your intestines (you can give a glycerin suppository or a small enema if you can’t do it on your own).
Give antihistamines 1-2 days before vaccination, especially for children with allergies, and continue taking them for another 3 days after vaccination.
You can give your child Nurofen to reduce pain and relieve possible trembling from the injection.

Remember! The task of parents is not to bring their baby for vaccination on time, but to vaccinate a healthy baby, whose body will be able to cope with the administration of the drug and give the correct immune response.

Names of imported and domestic polio vaccines

The following polio vaccines are licensed for use in our country:

French developments: Tetracok and Pentaxim. These drugs are complex, including a polio component. Imovax Polio is a monovaccine;
Infanrix (Belgium);

Domestic funds:

DTP (Biomed). Inactivated agent;
Live polio vaccine.

The last drug (unlike all of the above) contains weakened viruses. A child vaccinated with it should not have contact with unvaccinated peers for 2 weeks. All inactivated drugs are given as an injection. The live vaccine (OPV) is instilled orally into the baby's tongue using a special pipette. For older children - on the tonsils.

Since the timing of polio immunization coincides with DTP vaccination, both procedures are combined. Depending on which drug acts as DTP, the need for an additional injection or another dose of OPV may be eliminated.

Today, drugs that combine both vaccinations - Tetrakok (DPT + polio) and Pentaxim - are actively used. The latter also protects against Hib infection. If DTP is combined with other drugs, an additional injection or OPV must be given.

Causes of temperature

Physiological reasons why hyperthermia occurs:

use of live vaccine;
a slight decrease in immune resistance to invading viruses;
a protective response when an antigen is introduced, which means the release of antibodies against the virus;
patient fatigue, lack of sleep, heavy physical activity.

The condition occurs for the following pathological reasons:

vaccination during the period of infection with infectious diseases, which significantly weakens the patient’s immunity;
immune deficiency;
infection with polio with the spread of infection through the blood and the development of clinical symptoms;
the appearance of an allergic reaction that is dangerous to life and health, a high risk of systemic disorders (anaphylactic shock, urticaria, Quincke's edema);
local inflammatory reactions on the skin due to improper administration of the product (lack of antiseptic);
inflammation of the epidermis due to suppuration, abscess or cyst formation.

In a pathological process, hyperthermia can occur instantly. This indicates the presence of an allergic reaction. The child is given an antihistamine.

If the cause of hyperthermia is different, the temperature increases gradually. When the vaccination is done in the morning, fever often appears in the evening.

How to properly prepare a child for immunoprophylaxis

If you properly prepare a child for vaccination against polio, then hyperthermia will manifest itself insignificantly. The doctor should advise parents about side effects and advise how to prepare.

A few (3-4) days before vaccination, they begin to give the child antihistamines. The dosage depends on the age of the baby and the drug chosen. We recommend sticking to simple and proven remedies: Fenkarol, Zodak, Suprastin. You should not give diphenhydramine to a child at any age, as this drug is unsafe and can have a detrimental effect on development and psyche.

Despite the various consequences after vaccination, the consequences from them are less than from the disease. Mythical rumors about death and the development of cerebral palsy after polio vaccination should not be a factor in insuring a child against the consequences of polio. A slight fever and allergies seem insignificant compared to the consequences of the disease. And according to research from the Ministry of Health, VAP can occur in only one out of three million cases. But an unvaccinated child has a 100 times greater chance of becoming infected and becoming disabled or dying.

It is worth reminding the reader that after the administration of a “live” vaccine, the baby is temporarily a carrier of the disease. Adults and already vaccinated children can have contact with the child. It is worth protecting unvaccinated children from communication, as their contact may result in the development of VAP.

Do not be afraid of slight hyperthermia after vaccination. The symptom does not compare with the consequences that polio causes.

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