Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV)

Appointment: Preventive appointment (examination, consultation) with a pediatrician before vaccination - from 1,300 rubles; Preventive appointment (examination, consultation) with a general practitioner (before vaccination) - from 1800 rubles; Primary appointment (examination, consultation) with an obstetrician-gynecologist - from 2,450 rubles; DNA of papillomaviruses (Human Papillomavirus) ADVANCED SCREENING with determination of 14 types (Control of material collection, types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59), quantitative, with recalculated in USD Hybrid Capture for each type - from 1000 rubles; Liquid cytology of the cervix - from RUB 9223372036854775807;

Vaccine: Vaccination against human papillomavirus (Cervarix) (in children) - from 7,560 rubles; Vaccination against human papillomavirus (Gardasil) (in children) - from 12,500 rubles; Vaccination against human papillomavirus (Gardasil), 1 dose - from 12,500 rubles; Vaccination against human papillomavirus (Cervarix), 1 dose - from 6,500 rubles; Vaccination against human papillomavirus (Gardasil), 3 doses - from 39,000 rubles;

About the service

Every year in Russia, over 15,000 cases of cervical cancer are detected - this pathology ranks fifth among cancer diseases in women. More than 80% of diagnosed cases occur in the second and more severe stages of the process. About 6,000 women die from this disease every year. Its main cause is certain varieties (serotypes) of the human papillomavirus (abbreviated as HPV). It also causes tumors of adjacent locations, condylomas, and genital warts.

Timely vaccination prevents the adverse consequences of a viral infection and allows you to preserve health and life. At MEDSI clinics in Moscow, you can get vaccinated against HPV using modern vaccines on the day of your visit, with the support of experienced specialists: pediatricians, immunologists and pediatric gynecologists.

Where does cancer come from?

There are several theories about the causes of cancer: exposure to carcinogenic substances, the influence of certain viruses, and hereditary predisposition.

The outstanding Russian scientist L.A. Zilber, who already in 1935 formulated the principles of virology and immunology of cancer, is deservedly considered one of the discoverers of the role of viruses in the development of cancer. In subsequent years, foreign and domestic scientists confirmed the important role of viruses in the process of carcinogenesis.

A more detailed study of the role of viruses in the development of cancer at the end of the 20th century. marked the beginning of the development of vaccines against cancer. The invention and mass use of a vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis B is generally recognized as the first success in this area. In addition to preventing the infectious disease itself, vaccination prevents cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Over 30 years of vaccination, including the mass use of this vaccine since 1997, hundreds of thousands of human lives have been saved and extended in Russia.

The second significant success of scientists was the discovery of the connection between the human papillomavirus (HPV) and the development of cervical cancer (CC). For the discovery of this connection, Harold zur Hausen received the Nobel Prize in 2008. Later, the role of HPV in the development of cancer of a number of other organs was revealed.

Consequences of HPV

Thus, a person infected with HPV:

Condylomas may occur - growths on the skin, the removal of which is quite labor-intensive and painful.
Precancerous changes, such as cervical dysplasia in women, may develop
There is a high risk of cancer of the genital organs (in women - the cervix, less often the vulva and vagina, in men - the penis, anus, rectum)
Other infectious diseases of the genital organs develop more often and are more difficult to treat

Oncogenic HPV serotypes cause a total of about 70% of all identified cases of cervical neoplasms, and serotypes 6 and 11 cause 92% of all condylomas.

The immunity that occurs when you are naturally infected with HPV is not strong enough to suppress the infection. Vaccination against the human papillomavirus is an opportunity to preserve your health, and sometimes even your life, by preventing possible infection and the development of tumors.

Consequences of the course of treatment and reviews: pros and cons

Due to the fact that this procedure is considered relatively new (in Russia it has been allowed to be done, at will, only since 2007), there is active controversy surrounding it. For example, opponents claim that the cervical cancer vaccine causes infertility, although no evidence or clear refutation of this theory has been established. One case when a sixteen-year-old girl who received this injection developed early menopause, it cannot be accepted as the main argument when there are multiple positive reviews of the vaccine against cervical cancer.

There is another assumption that opponents of vaccination put forward, and according to such reviews, vaccinating girls against cervical cancer can lead to the fact that, as they grow up, the girl will no longer be careful in terms of protecting her own health (especially during sexual activity).

The only thing that most often does not suit many patients is the cost of vaccination against cervical cancer, and it should be noted that the drugs really belong to the category of expensive ones (one, the cheapest ampoule, costs more than five thousand rubles). But there is another cost of vaccination against cervical cancer - health and life, because the patient has a chance to never encounter a dangerous disease.

Vaccine possibilities

The HPV vaccine is a biological product that helps to form lasting, lifelong immunity against the human papillomavirus.

This is not a live vaccine, but only fragments of the virus shell, that is, infection from the drug is completely excluded. At the same time, it causes the body to produce full-fledged antiviral antibodies, which subsequently protect against the disease.

You can get vaccinated against HPV and cervical cancer with two drugs:

Cervarix (Belgium) includes serotypes 16 and 18
Gardasil (Holland) provides prevention for serotypes 16, 18, 6 and 11

Despite the difference in composition, both vaccines provide reliable immunity against all HPV serotypes due to cross-immune reactions.

Are there any side effects after the injection?

As for the general side effects of cervical cancer vaccination for patients immediately after the injection, they occur, as with any intervention in the body, and here we can note:

redness of the injection site and its soreness at first;
possible slight nausea;
less often – malaise and weakness.

Analyzing reviews from 2014 after vaccination against cervical cancer, it was revealed that patients also experience allergic reactions as side effects, but they account for 3 cases per 100 thousand doses.

Also, judging by the reviews, vaccination against cervical cancer in some cases causes dizziness, and sometimes fainting, but these are extremely rare phenomena associated directly with the patient’s body.

Safety

The vaccine was created using recombinant technologies. Such drugs have the highest safety profile. Numerous studies confirm that the vaccine can be used with virtually no restrictions. In the United States, more than 10 million women are vaccinated against HPV; In Russia, the drugs Cervarix and Gardasil have been successfully used since 2006.

Everyday practice shows that there are no serious side effects when administering the vaccine. Sometimes there may be slight short-term redness of the skin at the injection site
The HPV vaccine does not contain the DNA of the virus, which means it does not put unnecessary strain on the immune system. The potential risk of complications after its administration is extremely small
The safety of the drug is confirmed by the fact that it is approved for use even by pregnant and lactating women
It is allowed to be vaccinated while taking other medications, without changing their doses or dosage regimen in any way.
Children can be vaccinated simultaneously with other vaccinations according to the National Vaccination Calendar

EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT HPV VACCINATION

HPV vaccination has become the norm in countries such as the USA, Australia, Germany, Japan, Belgium, Sweden, Spain, Switzerland, Norway, Canada, Brazil and New Zealand.

The United States and Australia have included papillomavirus vaccination in school vaccination programs and report an approximately 50% reduction in precancerous lesions and genital warts. Unfortunately, in Russia, HPV vaccination is not included in the National Vaccination Calendar.

Who needs this HPV vaccine?

Everyone. For women - to reduce the risk of getting cervical cancer, as well as pre-cancer of the vulva and vagina. For men - to protect themselves from penile and rectal cancer.

Do you need the HPV vaccine if you are already infected?

Women with a history of HPV lesions in the anogenital area can be vaccinated. Vaccination reduces the incidence of recurrent diseases and reinfections. An examination by a gynecologist before vaccination is required.

When should you get the HPV vaccine?

Infection with the papilloma virus is possible during the first sexual contact, and therefore it is important to get vaccinated before sexual activity. The standard vaccination regimen is threefold (3 vaccinations within six months). However, at the age of 9–13 years, the vaccination is done twice (according to the 0-6 scheme). Therefore, it is more convenient and profitable to vaccinate at this age. The drugs are approved for use up to 45 years of age.

HPV vaccine before age 25?

Previously, it was believed that getting vaccinated against HPV was only effective until the age of 25. Nobody prohibited people aged 25+ from getting vaccinated, but there were questions about the effectiveness. Recent studies have confirmed the high effectiveness of HPV vaccines in the age group from 25 to 45 years.

Should I get vaccinated after becoming sexually active?

After the start of sexual activity, there is a high probability that the person is already infected, but vaccination is still recommended, albeit for other purposes:

● Protect yourself from infection if a person is not yet infected with any type of virus; ● If there is an infection, then protect yourself from types of virus that the person has not yet been infected with.

Is it possible to get vaccinated during pregnancy?

Vaccination against HPV does not affect your ability to become pregnant. There is no evidence that HPV vaccines adversely affect the ability to have children, the current pregnancy, or the fetus.

It is not recommended to get vaccinated during pregnancy. If a girl begins a course of antiviral injections, and at this time pregnancy occurs, it is better to complete all vaccinations after the birth of the child. The lactation period is not a contraindication for vaccination.

Do boys need the vaccine?

Many people believe that only girls and women should be vaccinated. But there are no gender differences in the spread of infection. It's just that most people are afraid of cervical cancer. It is important to understand that vaccinations of boys and men interrupt the circulation of viruses in the population and protect not only themselves, but also their female partners (including future ones). That is why, in accordance with the national vaccination calendars of a number of countries, both girls and boys are vaccinated against HPV. And competent doctors recommend that parents, if possible, vaccinate both their daughters and sons.

What are the vaccine options?

There are two vaccines: Gardasil and Cervarix.

The Gardasil vaccine is produced in Holland and is aimed at protecting against types 6, 11, 16 and 18 of papillomavirus, the last two of which are the most dangerous.

Cervarix is produced in Belgium. The vaccine prevents infection with types 16 and 18 HPV strains (unfortunately, this vaccine has not been supplied to Russia since 2021).

Is the HPV vaccination safe?

Yes. The vaccines have been thoroughly tested and proven safe.

Gardasil and Cervarix do not affect fertility. They act only in the human immune system. You can come across the argument that people vaccinated with HPV develop infertility. As with any other question, on the Internet there is, in addition to true, false information. Both vaccines have been used for many years, and vaccinated women have children.

Do I need to get tested before vaccination?

According to indications, before vaccination, patients are examined by a gynecologist, and boys and men are examined by an andrologist.

Where do they put it?

The injection is given intramuscularly into the deltoid muscle, 2 or 3 doses (depending on age).

What are the side effects?

Symptoms after vaccination are most often mild and go away quickly.

● Local symptoms that occur frequently: redness, slight pain and swelling at the injection site. ● General symptoms that occur rarely: headache, fever, muscle and joint pain, abdominal pain, weakness.

Contraindications for HPV vaccination

The vaccine is safe, so there are practically no contraindications for its use.

Allergy to the composition of the drug is the only absolute contraindication. That is why a preliminary examination by a doctor is required.

Who is recommended for vaccination?

Vaccination can be given to patients of both sexes, but it is especially recommended for women (as a group at high risk of cervical formations).

The main indication for HPV vaccination is age from 9 to 25 years (immunization up to 45 years is acceptable). It is optimal to get vaccinated during this period, before infection with HPV, best of all - before the onset of sexual activity. This will provide 100% protection against the virus and the consequences of its activity in the body: warts, condylomas, precancerous changes and neoplasms.

At age 26 and older, there is a fairly high probability that a person is already infected with at least one serotype of HPV. This vaccine is preventative, meaning it does not cure an existing viral infection. However, vaccination is still recommended for people over 26 years of age, albeit for slightly different purposes:

Complete protection against infection with dangerous serotypes, if a person is not yet infected with any of them
In the case of HPV vaccination in the presence of the virus, protection against infection with those serotypes with which the person has not yet been infected
Facilitating the treatment of HPV infection that already exists
Preventing the development of malignant tumors in the presence of HPV infection

What is HPV?

Human papillomavirus (HPV - Human Papillomavirus) is the common name for a group of viruses that includes more than 100 species.

There are low and high risk HPV.

In the first case, warts appear on the skin, papillomas on the hands, feet, neck, damage to the skin and mucous membranes in the genital area, but the body’s immune system usually copes with the infection.

High-risk viruses cause precancerous and cancerous changes in the cervix and external genitalia. Currently, 10–15 high-risk viruses are known. Most cases of cervical cancer (80%) are associated with viruses types 16 and 18.

How does HPV infection occur?

The source of the virus is a person who is infected with HPV. This virus is transmitted through contact of skin or mucous membranes. Some of the HPV viruses are sexually transmitted and affect the genitals of men and women.

The peak incidence occurs at a young age, when people most often have sex; there is a high chance that a person over 25 years of age already has the HPV virus or once had it.

How to determine whether a person is a carrier of the virus?

Only after laboratory analysis. Most HPV infections do not cause symptoms or outward signs.

How to understand that an infection has occurred?

Typically, HPV infection is asymptomatic, so a person may not even realize that he has it. In addition, the infection can go away on its own, but often becomes chronic.

HPV infection can be diagnosed using a Pap test - the primary screening for cervical cancer and precancerous changes. A gynecologist can also detect HPV when he sees morphological changes in the cervix.

HPV tests are not available for men.

Are only women carriers of HPV?

No. HPV is one of the most common infections in both women and men.

What happens after infection with HPV?

The peculiarity of the virus is that it penetrates the cell nucleus of the basal layer of the cervical epithelium. That is, there is no circulation of the virus in the blood, and therefore there are no symptoms of fever, weakness, or intoxication. Clinical signs of HPV (warts, condylomas) may or may not appear over time.

Did you get sick once and that’s it?

Even if the body defeats the human papillomavirus, it can become infected again. Our body does not acquire immunity to it.

How to cure HPV?

The bad news is that there is no cure for HPV. The good thing is that you can detect the presence of a disease that can be caused by a virus in time and begin treatment.

How are HPV and cervical cancer related?

Unfortunately, the connection is direct and strong. High-risk types of HPV are the main cause of the appearance and development of not only cervical cancer, but also cancer of the genital organs of women and men, as well as children. Children become infected during the passage of an HPV-infected mother through the birth canal.

How to protect yourself from HPV?

Since the disease is transmitted through intimate or sexual contact, the only option is complete abstinence from sexual activity. Let's be honest, this option is not suitable for anyone. HPV can be contracted even during a monogamous relationship if the partner has been sexually active in the past.

Using a condom reduces the risk of infection, but does not guarantee 100% protection. The virus can enter the human body from any infected area of the skin.

The best solution to avoid viral infection is vaccination. If possible, it should be done before the start of sexual activity. Vaccination does not protect against all types of HPV, but it does fight against those that cause cervical cancer.

How is the procedure performed?

The injection is performed intramuscularly (deltoid muscle - shoulder)
After the procedure, you do not need to observe any restrictions or change your lifestyle.
For a sustainable effect, three doses of the vaccine are required (for the Cervarix vaccine at the age of vaccination up to 15 years - 2 doses). The interval between the first and second injections is 1-2 months (depending on the drug), between the second and third – 6 months
Sustained immunity against the virus is formed within 4 weeks after the first administration of the drug. After three injections it lasts for life

Rules for administering the vaccine

The drug does not contain a virus, only a viral shell. The drug is administered intramuscularly. The vaccine has low reactogenicity. To increase the body's defense reactions, the vaccine contains aluminum hydroxide. The chemical absorbs protein compounds and causes inflammation at the injection site. The injection is given in the muscle of the shoulder or thigh. A large amount of muscle mass is concentrated here, tightly adjacent to the skin.

The substance must be injected specifically into the muscle, which will allow the product to gradually enter the blood. This will help the effective production of antibodies necessary to protect the woman from infection.

When the medicine is injected into an area of capillary accumulation, under the skin or into adipose tissue, the substance will enter the bloodstream in a short time. The immune system will destroy protein compounds immediately, which will reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine. In this case, repeated vaccination is required, which is what they do in the USA and European countries.

You cannot give an injection in the buttock area; unpleasant consequences are possible or the result of the vaccination is completely reduced. There is a developed layer of fatty tissue on the buttocks, which makes access to the muscle difficult. There is also a high risk of injury to the sciatic nerve.

Benefits of vaccination against human papillomavirus at MEDSI

We use modern vaccines, the effectiveness and safety of which have been confirmed by international clinical trials involving hundreds of thousands of people
Medicines are always in stock – no need to wait for them to become available
We have the opportunity to preliminarily establish the presence of oncogenic HPV serotypes in the body. This is especially true for people who want to get vaccinated after 25 years of age

Ask about HPV vaccination, find out the cost and sign up for the procedure by calling: +7 (495) 7-800-500.

Where is vaccination carried out?

Vaccination against cervical cancer was introduced into the vaccination calendar several years ago; not everyone knows where they take the course. The production of protein compounds is foreign, which explains the high cost. Russian analogues to existing drugs have not yet been developed.

It is possible to undergo a vaccination course in a antenatal clinic or a gynecological clinic with the substance in stock. A preliminary examination to detect HPV is also carried out here. The woman is scheduled for examination by a gynecologist using a gynecological speculum, a colposcopy procedure, and a smear is taken for cytological examination. After receiving the test results, the doctor decides on the timing of the introduction of protein compounds.

Vaccinations are given in public clinics and private clinics. There is a difference in pricing. In private institutions, the cost is usually higher than in public institutions. You can get vaccinated at a vaccination center or immunological department of a clinic. Each institution uses the substance from trusted suppliers who comply with basic storage rules and deadlines.

Some medical institutions offer a service - vaccination at home. After receiving the application, the doctor goes to the woman’s home. A preliminary examination of the patient is carried out, a detailed history of all diseases and suspicious symptoms is collected. Then the substance is injected. The doctor stays next to the woman after the injection for 30-40 minutes. This is required to control the body's response to protein compounds.

Many women are satisfied with this service: they do not need to waste time traveling and contacting a large number of people, which risks contracting a dangerous disease. The doctor also pays special attention to his only patient.

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Erosion, HPV and cervical cancer: About the HPV vaccine

Part 4. About the HPV vaccine

There are only two types of vaccines worldwide to prevent HPV infection. These vaccines may have different names in different countries, however, so that you do not get confused about the meaning of these vaccines, you should understand that their composition depends on the number of antigens, which we will talk about next. The quadrivalent vaccine, conventionally called HPV4 or HPV4, or Gardasil, is intended to prevent up to four types of HPV - 6, 11, 16 and 18. It must be administered in 3 doses: 1 to 2 months between the first and second dose, and then after 6 months a third dose. This vaccine is recommended for boys, girls, men and women aged 9-26 years, regardless of whether they are sexually active or not, or infected with HPV. But there are a lot of contradictions in relation to such recommendations, which we will discuss later in the article. The second type of vaccine is called bivalent, because it was created to prevent HPV types 16 and 18, and is recommended for women 10-25 years old. It is called HPV2 or HPV2, or Cervarix. The mode of administration is the same as Gardasil. The vaccines were developed in 1993 by culturing specific human papillomavirus (L1) proteins in cell media. These proteins could self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs), but they lacked the oncogenic portion of the virus's DNA. In other words, HPV vaccines contain the protein component of the virus, but not the virus itself. The prototype Gardasil vaccine contained HPV 16 antigens and began testing in 1993. Many people mistakenly call this vaccine a vaccine against uterine cancer. This is a misconception and is used by those who use rumors and myths to justify their opposition to vaccination, and also do not know the anatomical structure of the female reproductive system. HPV vaccinations have nothing to do with the uterus, including the endometrium of the uterus, and do not protect against uterine cancer. They are designed to prevent certain types of HPV infection, but do not protect against other types of HPV. Indirectly, these vaccines may protect against the development of precancer and cervical cancer, which is associated with HPV types 16 and 18, but not with other oncogenic types. The vaccine for the prevention of HPV infection is registered in more than 80 countries around the world. However, due to its high cost, it cannot be used effectively, especially since the young contingent of women and men on whom vaccine manufacturers are counting often do not have their own income and are financially dependent.

Let's consider the question of who is recommended for HPV vaccinations. I have already mentioned that the main purpose of vaccinations is to prevent HPV infection, which is involved in the occurrence of genital warts (HPV 6 and 11) and precancer and cervical cancer (HPV 16 and 18). Since the incidence of infection with this virus is highest among adolescents and young adults, vaccinations are recommended specifically for this category of the planet's population. But to recommend these vaccines widely, we need to know how effective they are, right? And this is where the real chaos of truth and lies begins. In many mass media publications, in vaccine annotations, in advertising brochures, even in scientific publications, you will find the statement that HPV vaccinations protect against cervical cancer in almost 98-100% of cases. Impressive numbers, aren't they? Simply amazing numbers! Here is the salvation of humanity from cervical cancer! How long does this protective effect last? Ten years! This is exactly what many doctors say who diligently introduce these vaccinations into their practice. The WHO also diligently recommends the introduction of the vaccine in an article from 2007, but states that the duration of effectiveness of the vaccine if used correctly is 5 years. Almost all clinical studies on the effectiveness of the vaccine that are credible in scientific and medical circles claim that at least some effectiveness (but not 100%) was observed only for 3-4 years. Thus, if a 9-year-old girl is vaccinated, will such a vaccination protect this girl in 7-10 years, when she begins to be sexually active? How do you think? Do you want to know the true answer? It may disappoint you: there is no reliable data on the protective function of the HPV vaccine after 3-4 years from the date of use. And as a doctor, from whom accurate information is expected, such contradictory data do not please me. Now consider these 3-4 years of protection. How effective is it? Without exception, clinical studies show that the use of Gardasil (HPV 4) does not protect either women or men from the effects of HPV 16 and 18 viruses and the consequences of this infection if they are already infected with these types of viruses. In such cases, it can prevent the development of genital warts, but is not at all effective in preventing dysplasia and cancer. In other words, the effect of this vaccine can only be said when men and women are not infected with oncogenic types of HPV (16, 18). What if they are infected with other oncogenic types? The vaccine is also not effective, although its manufacturers will try to convince you otherwise (allegedly in 38% of cases there is at least some protection from the influence of other oncogenic types of HPV). How effective is this vaccine in preventing the development of genital warts? Again, the research covered a 3-year period... What next? And then the unknown, assumptions, hypotheses, conjectures, fantasies... If the entire public focuses on women and their “fight against cancer,” then what about men? After all, 73-80% of them are also infected with HPV infection. Let's, in this case, vaccinate all men aged 9-26 years - these are the recommendations of new “anti-cancer” programs, which are often government programs and sponsored from the national budget of many countries. And in some regions of developed countries, such vaccination of men (boys) has begun. Total vaccination of the younger generation still fails in terms of preventing precancerous and cancerous diseases, but allows pharmaceutical companies to flourish, as well as those involved in the sale of this vaccine. Many prominent figures are involved in promoting this vaccine. Even the famous Bill Gates spent many of his millions to support the campaign for the distribution and introduction of the vaccine.

Let's talk about the cost of the vaccine and the so-called analysis of the effectiveness of this cost, carried out by people who know how to count every cent and compare data in order to know who benefits from the sale of the next panacea: the state or the manufacturers. When we talk about the state, we mean the following: the extent to which a sponsored state program to prevent something or combat and eliminate something is financially justified and beneficial to the entire population of the country compared to inaction or old methods of solving problems. For HPV-related problems, the costs of diagnosing and treating the consequences of HPV are compared. For example, 100,000 women were vaccinated against HPV infection, and 100,000 women (vaccinated or unvaccinated) underwent a cytological examination and, in some, abnormal smears were detected, diagnosed and treated. What is more economically profitable: to vaccinate, taking into account the payment for examination, treatment, sick leave, etc., or to continue traditional screening for precancer and cervical cancer through cytological examination? It turned out that the vaccination program is financially more expensive than using the same traditional cytological smears to detect cancer, as well as treat cancer. Indeed, thanks to the introduction of smear cytology into practice, the incidence of cervical cancer was reduced by 70% (from 14 to 3-4 cases per 100,000 women). This is colossal progress in developed countries, which was achieved without any vaccines. Only rich countries can afford government vaccination programs for the younger generation. Moreover, the combination of vaccination and screening of young women for precancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix is not only ineffective (does not increase the detection rate of these conditions), but is extremely expensive, especially for medical institutions dependent on the state budget, and for young women where private medicine dominates and patients pay for services. In this case, who benefits from these mass vaccinations and mass screenings? Only those who are involved in the private medical sector and create income from this, or those who, like a leech, suck money from government vaccination programs, having access to the government trough, as well as the vaccine manufacturers themselves. As shown by several independent cost analyzes of the effectiveness of vaccines against HPV infection, this effectiveness is low against the background of the high cost of the vaccine, both in relation to precancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix, and in relation to genital warts. And the use of a vaccine to prevent anal cancer or cancer of the glans penis is generally considered irrational. Thus, the important question of how long the protective function of the vaccine lasts remains controversial in relation to another question: how rational is it to vaccinate in early adolescence, if the practical effectiveness of the vaccine is 3-4 years? In addition, it turned out that serious clinical studies on the use of the vaccine in adolescents under 15 years of age have not been conducted. Therefore, another question arises among honest doctors and concerned parents: if there is no data on the effectiveness and benefits of the HPV vaccine in children under 15 years of age, on what basis is the rationality of prescribing the vaccine for children 9-12 years old based? According to statistics, in 44 countries around the world the average age of sexual debut is 18.4 years. In developed countries, there has been a tendency to increase the age at which sexual activity begins: young people have become more careful in choosing sexual partners and losing virginity. Even if we take into account the fact that most urban teenagers begin sexual activity early, the question is still the same: how rational is it to vaccinate from the age of 9? Proponents of vaccination argue that in many countries, half of schoolchildren in grades 9-12 (in the United States - about 43% in 2001, for example) had their first sexual intercourse, which means that most of these adolescents are already infected with HPV. In this case, vaccination will no longer help them. Is this the rationale behind vaccinations from the age of 9 (grades 3-4)? Next, another question: what to do regarding the prevention of HPV infection after 3-4 years? Vaccine manufacturers are silent. If they start advising re-vaccination (re-vaccination), there will be protests in response. For many well-known vaccines, when the regimen for their use is followed, protection against a number of dangerous infections lasts from 10 years to the end of a person’s life. Some doctors strongly recommend a fourth dose of Gardasil after 3 years. Even in their publications, they claim that after the fourth dose, the level of antibodies against HPV in the blood of experimental women increases again. So it is clear that when an antigen is introduced, antibodies appear, the level of which gradually decreases again. What next? Revaccination again?

Another very important fact is missed by many supporters of this vaccine. When do we talk about the potential effectiveness of any vaccine? Then, when the mode of its administration, as well as the dosage, are strictly observed, as well as indications and contraindications are taken into account. I will not list all the contraindications, but the most important are pregnancy and allergies to yeast and other components of the vaccine. But somehow it doesn’t turn out tactfully and ethically when a young woman comes to see a doctor because she’s planning a pregnancy, and then she’s hit with a blow to the head: “You have erosion, you have (or don’t) HPV, but We urgently need treatment and vaccinations, so no pregnancy for at least another year! Forget about planning a pregnancy!” Isn't this nonsense? I feel sorry for these young women because in a year they could be so damaging to their own health because of this false information that some will be infertile for the rest of their lives. I believe that regardless of whether there is erosion or not (if there is no severe dysplasia), whether a woman is infected with HPV or not, but if according to other indicators of her health everything is normal, let her become pregnant, without postponing the maternal role until old age, when it is time to nurse grandchildren, not their own children. And so do my progressive colleagues think. Therefore, if a woman says: “I understand your concern about HPV and cancer, but I want to get pregnant in the near future,” none of the doctors abroad will shout, intimidate, get angry, or find fault with the woman’s decision, but will calmly wish her good luck. But let's return to the vaccination regime. So, three doses of the vaccine are required, as I mentioned above. And here lies the biggest bummer: the vaccine is expensive, and not even all government programs can afford a three-dose administration of the drug, let alone teenagers and their parents, if the payment comes from their wallets. After all, all government programs are also like “boom-boom”: they quickly created a program, quickly received large investments (in millions and billions of dollars or other currencies), quickly distributed this money - to some in their own pockets, to others for intermediation, to others for some merits to the nation (what caring fellows we are, we save the people!), the rest went to the pharmaceutical company for their vaccine, boom-boom, total vaccination of frightened and intimidated teenagers (what if they get kicked out of school if they refuse?), boom- boom - they achieved good numbers in terms of mass participation, reported to the government and other authorities... and that’s it, the funds were exhausted. Either we need to get new subsidies, or come up with some new feeder program. This approach to the creation and implementation of various types of government programs is typical in all countries. So it turns out that many were forced to take the first dose of vaccination, and the three-dose vaccination regimen was followed only by a small number of teenagers. Data from a number of countries show that a quarter of teenage girls reach the third dose, and even much less (depending on whose pocket pays for vaccination). In Australia, where girls aged 12-13 are offered three doses of the vaccine free of charge, only 73% of girls received the third dose. Among Australian women aged 18-19, only 38% had reached the final dose, and only 30% of women aged 20-26 had received full vaccination. Another question about vaccinations that is hardly discussed openly anywhere is: what happens if a woman and a man have multiple types of HPV, much less serotypes of the same HPV type? How effective is the vaccine in this case? Scientists claim that in laboratory conditions it was possible to establish that crossing (DNA exchange) constantly occurs between similar serotypes. On the one hand, theoretically, the vaccine can suppress the growth of other serotypes that are similar in genetic information to the one on which the vaccine is based. On the other hand, more aggressive and resistant strains of viruses may arise, and the effectiveness of such vaccination will decrease.

What do clinical studies show on this topic? That in the real life of women there is co-infection, especially among high-risk oncogenic types, and the aggressiveness of these types of HPV increases. In other words, will humanity create an HPV monster due to such a widespread enthusiasm for a vaccine, the effectiveness of which has not yet been seriously studied? While the vaccine may have an effect in HPV-negative women, in HPV-positive women a mixture of different HPV serotypes can lead to an increase in the negative impact of this combination: the transition of severe dysplasia to cancer much faster - within 8-12 years (usually this transition takes 15-20 years and more). If a woman is vaccinated against HPV, does this mean that she does not need to be tested for precancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix, because she is now reliably protected from these conditions (almost 100%)? It is precisely in this issue that lies another serious contradiction. If you believe the loud guarantee of the successful protection of Gardasil and the like, then theoretically women should not have any kind of dysplasia, much less cancer. But practically, such an ideal picture is “observed” only in those clinical studies where it is necessary to prove the effectiveness of the vaccine. In real life, anything can happen, so almost all doctors say that cytological screening must be carried out regularly, regardless of whether a woman is vaccinated against HPV or not. In 1-9% of cases, cytology results may be false-positive, which will require additional examination and possible treatment. We are returning to the same efficiency of the cost of vaccination and plus examination. It turned out that even after a cytological examination (without any vaccination), 40% of women with abnormal cytology results do not return to the doctor’s office for additional or repeat examination. Why? Either they don’t care, or it’s too expensive to be tested for cervical cancer, much less treated, or they doubt the veracity of the words they hear from doctors or other people... Or maybe all of it combined.

An interesting fact is that the global vaccination of young people, especially teenagers, is opposed by those who led the creation of Gardasil. Dr. Diane Harper warns all parents that the duration of effectiveness of this vaccine is not known, so the pros and cons must be weighed when deciding whether to vaccinate a teenager. She argues that in countries where cytology has been used to detect cervical cancer for many years, blanket HPV vaccination will not reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. By the way, Dr. Harper was one of the leading consulting researchers for vaccine manufacturers, took an active part in its testing, and received the largest funding (grants) for clinical trials from manufacturers. Her name as a co-author appears in an article about the HPV vaccine on the official WHO website. She stopped collaborating with vaccine manufacturers after commercial entities, together with government officials, began to put pressure on the world community, and also made vaccination of teenage girls mandatory in a number of countries. Dr. Harper states that she does not see the rationale for mandating the HPV vaccine for all schoolgirls and young women, since more than 95% of them will never have precancerous changes and will never develop cancer. According to her, regular cytological examination (smear on cytology) is much more effective in preventing cervical cancer (as it can detect a precancerous condition) than the use of a vaccine. And the more I study scientific publications about the HPV virus, precancerous and cancerous conditions of cervical cancer, and the HPV vaccine, the more I agree with the words of this specialist. Even if there is a high level of false-negative cytology results, wouldn’t it be better to spend financial resources not on total vaccination of adolescents and young people, but on training medical personnel to conduct cytological examinations correctly? It will be much cheaper (however, millions of dollars or other currencies will not end up in the personal pockets of those involved in the globalization of vaccination)! In the territory of the former USSR countries, there is another hidden monster: many doctors receive large remunerations from vaccine suppliers, so they least of all think about “honor and conscience” before the people, and under any pretext they vaccinate all women in a row, regardless of age, the presence of HPV- infections, pregnancy, etc. Very interesting and noteworthy data from Australia have appeared in a number of prestigious scientific publications. In 1991, this country introduced a program for cytological screening of women for precancerous and cancerous conditions of the cervix. Screening was carried out once every two years (and not every six months, as is still done in the former USSR countries). During this period of using the program, the incidence of cervical cancer was reduced by 90% (without any vaccines!). Australia is one of the first countries to introduce a program for the prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts through vaccination at the state level in 2007, because it was Australian scientists who were the discoverers of the proteins that served as the basis for the creation of the HPV vaccine. Theoretically, with mass vaccination of adolescents, doctors involved in monitoring the effectiveness of the vaccine expected to see a 50% reduction in the incidence of HPV infection within three years of using the vaccine. This did not happen - it remained the same, although in the first year of vaccination a decrease in the incidence of genital warts was noted. Moreover, another result surprised many scientists and doctors - the vaccine turned out to be ineffective at the age when its protection is very necessary. In adolescent girls under 18 years of age, there was a slight reduction in the incidence of abnormal smears, which was attributed to the effect of the vaccine after administration (but not 98-100% effectiveness). However, in women 18 years of age and older, the level of pathological smears did not decrease, and it is at this age that many women begin to be sexually active. These results confirm the words of Dr. Harper that the protective effect of the vaccine does not exceed 3-4 years after its administration, moreover, this protective effect does not guarantee 100% protection, as some researchers and doctors claim. The conclusions of Australian doctors sounded something like this: a vaccine is a vaccine, and a cytological examination should be carried out on everyone when it comes to preventing cervical cancer, regardless of whether they are vaccinated or not. Disappointed with the data, some doctors argue that cancer takes decades to develop, so the effectiveness of the vaccine can be judged in 20-30 years. This means that its effectiveness is still unknown. So continue to implement it, because what the hell is not joking? What do you think about this issue? A wave of opposition to the global vaccination of young people, especially teenagers, against HPV infection is rising all over the world. This protest has nothing to do with the side effects of the vaccine, its fictitious harm and the mass of false information disseminated by people who do not have accurate information about the vaccine, or even about HPV infection. The problem is that many thinking people are aware of the hasty implementation of vaccination by governments around the world, as well as the close connection between the government and the pharmaceutical companies selling the vaccine. Some high-ranking government officials in several countries have shares and capital investments in the production of this fancy vaccine, as well as the lion's share of the remuneration in government programs for national vaccination of young people. The government-pharma alliance is becoming stronger and deeper because such an alliance is mutually beneficial for both parties, especially in terms of generating multi-billion dollar profits. And not so long ago, the artificially created excitement around the alleged swine flu epidemic confirmed this connection in almost all countries of the world involved in the process of fighting the “deadly flu”. I am a proponent of vaccinations because vaccinations have saved the lives of millions of children and adults, but each vaccine on the market today has its own effectiveness and duration of protection. When a vaccine is hastily introduced onto the market, the effectiveness of which is questionable, and the duration of protection has not been properly studied at all and does not exceed 3-4 years (although the manufacturers themselves claim that protection is observed from 6 to 9 years, but not 10, as was previously claimed ), then a serious question arises: how legitimate is such a massive introduction of the vaccine, in fact, against the background of artificially created mass psychosis, especially among young women? Therefore, I deeply doubt that vaccination against HPV infection should be widespread, hasty and at such an early age.

Now let's return to the statistics on the incidence of cancer. On the one hand, the above figures may still scare many people. On the other hand, let's look at these numbers supposedly from the other end - from the end of the number of women who will NEVER develop cervical cancer. This means that if cancer is diagnosed in 3-4 cases per 100,000 women from 30 to 65-70 years old, then 99,996-99,997 women will not have cancer. Right? This means that 99.99% of all women will never have cancer, even if they have a transit HPV infection throughout their lives. And another statistic that doctors commonly use is that more than 95% of women will never develop cervical cancer. If you know how to think and compare the statistics I presented throughout this article, then you will understand that the chance of having this type of cancer is extremely low. The chances of having other HPV-related cancers in both men and women are even lower. Therefore, many thinking people, including me, ask: how rational is it in this case to vaccinate all girls and women, if only a few suffer from cancer among the general population of different countries, if 90% of young people get rid of the human papillomavirus without harmful consequences, and in the remaining 10% with persistent infection, cervical cancer will also occur extremely rarely? Isn’t it better to identify and treat a precancerous condition in these 10% in time?

Another important issue discussed by opponents of mass vaccination concerns the moral and ethical side of such vaccination. Since HPV infection is associated with sexual relations, that is, sex, how can you explain to a 9-10 year old teenager, a boy or girl who is just starting puberty, that they need to take “special injections” three times against some infection that they may catch? later, with the onset of sexual activity? If the opinion of a preschool child can be ignored when it comes to his health, a teenager develops his own idea of his health, and even more so he enters a period of active puberty and sexual interest. Many parents believe that talking about the topic of sex with children aged 9-10 years, especially about the prevention of sexually transmitted infections, is very early and inconvenient. Will vaccination lead to the formation of a false belief among adolescents that since they have been vaccinated against a “sexually transmitted infection”, they are now not afraid of sexual relations and can try the “forbidden fruit” even before the recommended age? There is not enough information about the side effects of the new vaccine, because this side of vaccination has been almost unstudied. In scientific articles about the benefits of the vaccine (and after all, clinical studies were generously sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, if not directly, then through third organizations), the calculation of effectiveness was based only on the number of participants remaining to complete the study, and those who did not reach the finish line voluntarily, including including due to side effects, were automatically eliminated and not taken into account when calculating the data. In the United States, by the end of 2011, according to reports from the Center for Disease Control, there were 20,096 officially reported cases of adverse events with Gardasil: 19,075 among women and 569 among men (vaccination of men began in October 2009). The idea that this vaccine causes infertility is just a rumor - the vaccine does not suppress ovulation and does not affect the ovaries, endometrium and other reproductive organs. A certain risk exists only in relation to the development of allergies, which must be taken into account with any type of vaccination.

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Correct drug administration regimen

Two substances are used to prevent cervical cancer - Gardasil and Cervarix. The vaccination procedure is different in each case.

The Gardasil injection circuit demonstrates the features:

The woman is first examined and the first injection is given;
second injection - required to withstand 60 days;
third and last - the recommended waiting period is 6 months from the date of the first injection.

Cervarix is administered according to the following scheme:

the girl is examined by a doctor and given an injection;
the second injection of the substance is prescribed after 30 days;
The third injection is given six months after the first.

The medicines have undergone many tests in many countries where they have proven their effectiveness. The only drawback of protein compounds is that they do not protect against all cancers. Protection is provided for specific types of cancer contained in the drug. The period of action of the Gardasil vaccine lasts up to 5 years, Cervarix – more than 6 years.

Vaccination scheme

Gardasil is administered in three stages: the second vaccination is given 2 months after the first, the third - six months later. If accelerated vaccination is necessary, the second dose is administered a month later, and the last dose 4 months after the first. Sometimes these dates are shifted if the patient’s chronic disease worsened or an infection began or another temporary contraindication was identified. In any case, all three doses of the vaccine must be administered within a year.

The protection is valid for an average of 5 years, which is already significant. As a woman ages and finds a permanent partner, the likelihood of contracting HPV is lower. The Gardasil vaccination is compatible with any other vaccinations provided for in the national calendar. Injections are given in different parts of the body.