Vaccination of chickens: scheme and rules at home for chickens and broilers, table

Why do you need to vaccinate chickens and adult birds?

Vaccination is considered the most effective method of preventing various diseases. Moreover, preventing pathologies is much easier than treating them .

Vaccination can be specific and non-specific. In the first case, vaccinations are aimed at preventing infection. In the second, measures are taken to stop the spread of the disease in a timely manner.

Quite often, vaccines have to be administered already in the first days of life of chicks. However, a more precise schedule should be drawn up by a veterinarian. With the help of the introduction of special drugs, it is possible to prevent smallpox, Newcastle and Marek's disease and many other ailments.

Why do you need to carry out prophylaxis in chickens and broilers?

The need for timely vaccination of chickens is explained by several reasons. Firstly, ordinary, dwarf and broiler breeds have a rather weak protective system and the risk of infection upon contact with a pathogen or the slightest violation of sanitary standards is high. In addition to their feathered counterparts, chickens can infect other types of domestic animals. It should be remembered that the productivity of a sick animal drops by at least 40%, and in advanced cases it tends to zero, as does the profit from the entire farm. And the main reason for vaccination is the high probability of human infection.

Schedule of when chickens are given injections and against what diseases

Don't neglect vaccinating your pets. Remember that treating diseases will require much more effort, time and money than preventing them.

What vaccinations are given?

The procedure is performed using different methods. All vaccinations are divided into 2 categories - specific and nonspecific.

Specific

This term refers to vaccinations that are performed using special medications. To do this, dead or weak strains of microorganisms are introduced into the bird's body. This leads to the synthesis of antibodies. This type of vaccination is used on large farms with a significant number of livestock.

Nonspecific

This is a standard technique that is based on preventive measures. It is as follows:

introduction of vitamins into the diet;
isolation of infected chickens;
bird health assessment;
quarantine of chicks and recently purchased individuals;
treatment if the disease develops.

This method requires the poultry farmer to pay more attention to the chickens. Therefore, it is usually used for small farms. In the case of nonspecific vaccination, antibodies are not synthesized in the body of birds. The procedure is aimed at strengthening the immune system and increasing resistance to disease.

Nonspecific methods of disease prevention

Prevention of disease in poultry may include not only vaccination, but also compliance with a number of rules to preserve the health of your birds.:

With a small flock, it is easy to monitor the health of each bird.
Timely detection of any changes in the behavior and appearance of chickens will allow the individual to be isolated in time and its treatment to begin.
When purchasing a new batch of hens or chicks, you should first quarantine them, placing them separately from the main flock.
Strengthening the immune system through proper balanced nutrition, vitamin and mineral supplements in the diet will also help avoid a number of diseases.
Regular cleaning and disinfection of the chicken coop, avoidance of overheating, hypothermia and drafts, compliance with standards for keeping poultry - such preventive measures are a good alternative to some types of vaccination.

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What are they vaccinated against?

Vaccination is aimed at preventing various diseases. In some cases, a single administration of the drug is enough, in others, the drugs are used constantly.

On an ongoing basis

In such a situation, medications are recommended to be administered annually. In some cases, it is necessary to use a complex of different agents that are used in the early stages. The exact timing of vaccinations is very difficult to determine. When choosing them, it is worth taking into account the general morbidity rates in the farm and region.

For bronchial infections

This category of pathologies includes different types of infectious bronchitis. The disease provokes a decrease in the general tone of birds. As a result, there is a decrease in weight and egg production parameters. The pathology is life-threatening for birds.

Vaccination is recommended to be carried out in several stages:

at 5 weeks, use Intervent MAS/clone, which is mixed with clean water;
at 8 weeks, the Intervent IB4/91 composition is introduced - it is also diluted in water;
at 10 weeks, Intervent MAspas/clone 30 is used, which is administered by injection;
at week 11 use Fort Dodge IB Primer D274;
Before sale, birds use Intervent IBmulti+ND+ED.

For salmonella

Salmonellosis is considered one of the most common diseases among domestic chickens. Transmission of the infection occurs through the oviduct and poses a danger to the human body. It is worth administering the vaccine against the disease multiple times:

on days 1-2 of life, Lohmann TAD VacE is given, which is mixed with water;
at week 6 it is recommended to use the same medicine;
The last time the drug is administered is before sale or a month before slaughter.

From the plague

This vaccine is administered at 3-6 weeks. It is recommended to repeat the procedure every year. For vaccination, a 20% suspension of formol-hydroxyl-aluminum serum is used. There is also a more expensive and effective formol-fetal vaccine, which is used at the same age.

From adenovirus

This infection provokes a decrease in egg production. To prevent infection with the virus, the drug Intervent IBmulti+ND+ED is administered. It is used only for chickens after 2-2.5 months.

One-time

The body's resistance to specific strains of bacterial microorganisms and viruses can be maintained for life. A single use of the vaccine is enough for this. In this situation, the immune system “remembers” the pests. When they encounter them, blood cells neutralize the danger before the infection spreads. It is important to get vaccinated on time.

Coccidiosis

It is worth vaccinating against this disease immediately after the chick is born. In industrial incubators, birds are vaccinated on the first day. At an older age, vaccination will not give results. Coccidiostatic drugs are used for the procedure. They are added to birdseed.

Newcastle diseases

Today, to prevent the disease, the same serum is used as to prevent bronchial pathologies - Intervent MAspas/clone 30. The medicine is administered by injection.

Laryngotracheitis

To prevent the disease, Merial Nemovac is administered by mixing with water. The vaccine is given at 9-10 weeks of life. The causative agent of laryngotracheitis is resistant to primary antibodies of birds. Therefore, at the time of vaccine administration, the chicken must be completely healthy. Otherwise, the risk of infection is high.

Marek's diseases

Only incubator vaccination helps prevent Marek's disease. It is done immediately after the chicks are born or no later than the first day of life.