We answer questions about COVID-19 vaccination in patients with allergies

Allergy to vaccine components is associated with excessive sensitivity to its components:

if there is a drug allergy, for example, to antibiotics, the child may have an allergic reaction to vaccinations against measles, rubella, mumps (mumps);
in case of food allergy to chicken egg protein - vaccines against measles, mumps, influenza and yellow fever;
if you are allergic to baker's yeast, take the hepatitis B vaccine.

If your child suffers from allergies, discuss this in detail with your doctor before vaccination. It is dangerous to vaccinate children who have a violent reaction to the introduction of small amounts of these substances, for example, if a child immediately after the first piece of an egg or a product containing it develops a state of shock, swelling of the lip or larynx.

How does an allergy to a vaccine manifest itself?

An allergy to vaccines can manifest itself as:

Urticaria is a rash accompanied by itchy skin. Occurs a few minutes or hours after vaccination.
Quincke's edema (angioedema) is an allergic swelling of the face, throat, nose, and larynx. Occurs a few minutes or hours after vaccination.
Lyell's syndrome is a toxic-allergic reaction that manifests itself in the spread of rashes and blisters throughout the skin, accompanied by severe itching. It may develop in the first three days after vaccination.
Serum sickness is an inflammatory lesion of blood vessels in response to the administration of a drug to which the child was allergic. Develops 7-14 days after vaccination. Manifested by fever, urticaria, Quincke's edema, enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, joint pain. Sometimes the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and nervous system are affected.
Anaphylactic shock is the most dangerous allergic condition that develops immediately or within 3 hours after the vaccine is administered. At the same time, blood pressure sharply decreases, a feeling of heat, weakness, redness of the skin or rash, severe itching appears, swelling of the skin and throat, choking, vomiting, and diarrhea may begin.

Although the timing of allergic reactions varies, most occur within a few minutes to an hour after receiving the vaccine. In this regard, the child is monitored for 20-30 minutes after vaccination, which allows for quick and qualified assistance in case of severe allergic reactions. All children with allergies should be vaccinated only in specially equipped treatment rooms containing an anti-shock first aid kit.

Feeling unwell after a flu shot - what to do and how to treat it?

To reduce unpleasant symptoms after vaccination, doctors recommend antihistamines.

Feeling unwell after a flu shot, what to do, how to treat it:

Among them, it is worth highlighting Cetrin , Diazolin. Remember that they reduce the manifestations of an allergic reaction and relieve redness.
If you have a low fever, pain or dizziness, it is recommended to take medications that help with fever. Among them, it is worth highlighting Paracetamol and Ibuprofen.
In general, there is no need to carry out any therapeutic manipulations. After about 3-4 days, the unpleasant symptoms will disappear. Your task during this period is to appear less in crowded places and spend more time in the fresh air.

Try to limit your contact with other people to avoid catching the virus. Antibody development usually occurs within 2-4 weeks after vaccination. It is recommended to get vaccinated before the start of the cold season. Therefore, doctors recommend vaccination in September or October. However, this does not mean that it is useless to get vaccinated during the height of the disease. The risk of infection before antibodies appear increases. This is especially true for contact people, in particular doctors, teachers, and bank employees. That is, all categories of the population that work with people.

Vaccinations

Sources

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Shaker M., Phillips E., Blumenthal KG., Abrams EM., Banerji A., Oppenheimer J., Vander Leek TK., Mack DP., Wickner PG., Singer AG., Khan DA., Greenhawt M. The importance of a timely second dose of the 2021 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine depends on the protection afforded by a first dose and subsequent risk of anaphylaxis. // J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract - 2021 - Vol - NNULL - p.; PMID:33892171
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Luczo JM., Bousse T., Johnson SK., Jones CA., Pearce N., Neiswanger CA., Wang MX., Miller EA., Petrovsky N., Wentworth DE., Bronshtein V., Papania M., Tompkins SM . Intranasal powder live attenuated influenza vaccine is thermostable, immunogenic, and protective against homologous challenge in ferrets. // NPJ Vaccines - 2021 - Vol6 - N1 - p.59; PMID:33883559
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Will a flu shot help against coronavirus?

Doctors note that coronavirus and influenza are completely different ailments that can occur simultaneously, increasing the likelihood of complications and a severe course.

The flu shot will help against coronavirus:

Thus, a cytokine storm, as well as pulmonary edema with pneumonia, is quite difficult to avoid. Doctors recommend getting vaccinated against influenza on time. However, in the current conditions, there are many patients who are asymptomatic about the coronavirus.
Before flu vaccination, a coronavirus test is not performed, so there is a risk of administering the vaccine to patients who are already infected with covid-19. There is a high probability of complications due to the asymptomatic course.
Therefore, in the current conditions, it is necessary to do a coronavirus test before getting a flu vaccine. It has been proven that a third of people are asymptomatic about coronavirus disease. If you receive the flu vaccine at this time, there may be a high risk of complications.

Vaccine

Flu vaccination for a coronavirus patient: is it possible or not?

The instructions for the flu shot indicate that it can be administered if there are no clinical symptoms of acute respiratory infections. If a person does not have a fever, malaise, runny nose or cough, the vaccine can be administered. Accordingly, even if the coronavirus is asymptomatic, administering the vaccine is theoretically allowed.

Is it possible or not to get a flu shot for a coronavirus patient?

But immunologists agree that the vaccine may not work at all in case of infection with Covid, or if it is asymptomatic. In the process of developing antibodies against one virus, and during infection with another, a failure is possible.
At least a month must pass between vaccination and coronavirus disease. If these lines are smaller, the grafting will not produce results. There have been no specific studies on the effects of the influenza vaccine on coronavirus patients.
Therefore, it is impossible to say unambiguously how the body will react to the administration of the influenza vaccine if you have coronavirus disease.

Vaccination
A lot of information about vaccinations can be found on our website:

Vaccination against measles, rubella, mumps: rules of administration, when and how many times in life is it given to children?
Mantoux vaccination
Vaccination against measles, rubella, mumps
Chickenpox vaccination for children and adults

The World Health Organization recommends flu vaccinations to prevent hospitals from becoming overwhelmed. It's up to you to decide whether to do them or not.

Symptoms of ARVI after vaccination against coronavirus

Signs of respiratory disease can be detected through a blood test, and this looks different than with bacterial infections. However, this manifests itself only in some patients, mainly elderly and with chronic diseases, sometimes in those who have suffered from severe acute respiratory viral infection. There is no scientific evidence yet to confirm the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. But it is known that the flu vaccine has no effect on the dangerous pathogen.

The symptoms of ARVI will not differ in any way from the usual signs of a respiratory disease, although they depend on the type of pathogen:

general malaise, weakness, loss of performance, myalgia;
temperature and chills, fever;
nasal and sinus congestion, sneezing, mucus discharge;
sore throat when swallowing, hoarseness and cough;
atypical signs: conjunctivitis, in children, convulsions from fever, ear pain, nausea and gastrointestinal upset.

The treatment regimen for ARVI is known to everyone. Tactics change only if the symptoms are atypical and threatening. They usually develop in stages. It has been proven that the so-called cold also has a viral origin, so the treatment methods will be similar.

Can a flu shot cause coronavirus?

Doctors are afraid of a surge in the number of people infected with influenza and coronavirus at the same time. There will not be enough hospital beds for two pandemics of influenza and coronavirus. In developed European countries, flu vaccinations are recommended for people who are at risk. These are doctors, teachers, doctors, as well as people over 65 years of age. It is recommended to vaccinate children against influenza starting at 6 months of age.

Can a flu shot cause coronavirus?

However, some doctors in Mexico and the USA have conducted a number of studies, according to which they have identified a certain pattern. People over 65 who were vaccinated against the flu were more likely to become infected with the coronavirus, which resulted in pulmonary failure and death.
Patients who received a flu shot were more likely to suffer complications from covid. Many scientists criticized this information, considering it unreliable due to the small sample size.
Similar studies were obtained in 2012, which were conducted among children. There was no covid-19 then, but children vaccinated against influenza were more likely to suffer from pneumonia caused by pneumococci. They were more likely to develop other respiratory diseases than unvaccinated children. But even then the number of children among whom the study was conducted was only 112 people.
It is believed that such a number of patients is not an indicator. Larger studies are needed.

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