Pharmacological properties of the drug Allokin-alpha
Pharmacodynamics. Alloferon is an oligopeptide. Alloferon is an effective inducer of the synthesis of endogenous alpha and gamma interferons and an activator of the natural killer system. The drug stimulates the recognition and lysis of defective cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes. During the experiments, the drug was found to be highly effective against infections caused by influenza A and B viruses, hepatitis B, and herpes. Alloferon does not cause general toxicity, allergic reactions, does not exhibit mutagenic, carcinogenic or embryotoxic effects, and does not affect reproductive function. Pharmacokinetics. After penetration into the systemic bloodstream, it interacts with immunocompetent cells, after which the detection of alloferon is difficult due to the close structural affinity of its metabolites with serum proteins. An increase in interferon levels is observed 2 hours after administration of the drug and remains at a high level (2–2.5 times higher than the usual background) for 6–8 hours, reaching the initial values by the end of the day. Increased functional activity of natural killer cells is observed for 7 days after administration of the drug.
Allokin-alpha 1 mg 3 pcs. lyophilisate for preparing a solution for subcutaneous administration
pharmachologic effect
Antiviral, immunomodulatory agent.
Composition and release form Allokin-alpha 1 mg 3 pcs. lyophilisate for preparing a solution for subcutaneous administration
Solution - 1 amp.:
- Alloferon [Histidyl-glycyl-valyl-seryl-glycyl-histidyl-glycyl-glutaminyl-histidyl-glycyl-valyl-histidyl-glycine] 1.0 mg.
Lyophilisate for the preparation of solution for subcutaneous administration 1.0 mg.
1.0 mg per clear glass ampoule. 1, 2, 3, 5 or 10 ampoules are placed in a blister pack. 1 or 2 blister packs along with instructions for use are placed in a cardboard pack
Description of the dosage form
Lyophilized powder or porous mass of white color. Hygroscopic.
Directions for use and doses
The drug is administered subcutaneously.
The standard course of treatment for infections caused by oncogenic types of human papillomavirus includes injections of the drug at a dose of 1 mg every other day, for a total of 6 injections per course.
The standard course of treatment for recurrent herpes includes injections of the drug at a dose of 1 mg every other day, for a total of 3 injections per course.
For moderate forms of acute hepatitis B, the drug is administered after verification of the diagnosis at a dose of 1 mg 3 times a week for 3 weeks (9 injections in total).
To prepare a solution for injection, use 1 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution as a solvent.
Pharmacodynamics
Alloferon is an oligopeptide. The nature of the pharmacological action is most similar to interferon alpha. Alloferon is an effective inducer of the synthesis of endogenous interferons and an activator of the natural killer system, capable of stimulating the recognition and lysis of defective cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes. Experiments have demonstrated high effectiveness against infections caused by influenza A and B viruses, hepatitis B and C, herpes types 1 and 2 and human papilloma (oncogenic types). Alloferon does not have general toxicity, allergenic properties, mutagenic or carcinogenic effects, does not have embryotoxic effects and does not affect reproductive function.
Pharmacokinetics
It quickly penetrates into the blood, where it interacts with immunocompetent cells, after which determining the concentration of Alloferon is difficult due to the close structural similarity of its metabolites to blood serum proteins. An increase in interferon concentration was observed 2 hours after administration of the drug and remained at a high level (2-2.5 times higher than the usual background) for 6-8 hours, reaching the initial values by the end of the day. Increased functional activity of natural killer cells was observed within 7 days after drug administration.
Indications for use Allokin-alpha 1 mg 3 pcs. lyophilisate for preparing a solution for subcutaneous administration
Chronic papillomavirus infection caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses, chronic recurrent herpes types 1 and 2, as part of complex therapy for the moderate (icteric) form of acute hepatitis B.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, pregnancy and breastfeeding (stop during treatment), severe autoimmune diseases. Childhood.
Application of Allokin-alpha 1 mg 3 pcs. lyophilisate for the preparation of a solution for subcutaneous administration during pregnancy and lactation
The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation
Contraindicated in children.
special instructions
In monotherapy, Allokin-alpha is recommended for the treatment of human papillomavirus infection caused by oncogenic types of the virus, in the absence of clinical and subclinical lesions of the cervix and anogenital area.
As part of complex therapy - for the treatment of clinical and subclinical forms of lesions of the cervix and anogenital area by human papillomavirus infection caused by oncogenic types of the virus.
Treatment of chronic recurrent herpes types 1 and 2 is recommended to begin when the very first signs of the disease appear.
For hepatitis B - no later than the 7th day from the onset of jaundice.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
If dizziness occurs, you should refrain from driving or operating machinery.
Overdose
To date, no cases of drug overdose have been identified.
Side effects Allokin-alpha 1 mg 3 pcs. lyophilisate for preparing a solution for subcutaneous administration
In some cases, weakness, dizziness, and the formation of new rash elements are possible (with a herpetic infection).
Drug interactions
In the treatment of chronic recurrent genital herpes, it can be prescribed in combination with acyclovir and its derivatives (the drugs have different mechanisms of action and complement each other in the treatment of viral infection). In acute hepatitis B, the drug is prescribed against the background of generally accepted basic therapy. No interaction with other drugs has been identified.
Use of the drug Allokin-alpha
Enter s.c. To prepare the solution for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride solution is used as a solvent. When administering the drug subcutaneously, use 1 ml of solvent. Herpetic infection. The standard course of treatment for recurrent herpes infection includes injections of the drug at a dose of 1 mg subcutaneously every other day, a total of 3 injections per course. In case of insufficient effectiveness and in the absence of significant side effects, the next time the infection relapses, it is recommended to prescribe injections at a dose of 1 mg every other day, for a total of 6–9 injections per course. Hepatitis. In the treatment of moderate acute hepatitis B, the drug is administered after confirmation of the diagnosis at a dose of 1 mg 3 times a week for 3 weeks (9 injections in total). In case of a milder course of the disease, the drug is administered according to the same scheme.
special instructions
If the patient has a disease caused by HPV, the drug can be used as part of monotherapy (without other drugs). This is allowed if the patient does not have damage to the anogenital area or cervix.
During therapy, sexual activity is prohibited. This is fraught with the re-development of pathology or the entry of other viruses into the body. Partners should be examined and treated at the same time so as not to subsequently infect each other.
During the course, side effects from the nervous system may occur, including dizziness. The manufacturer recommends temporarily refraining from operating the machine and other activities that require extreme concentration.
It is impossible to delay treatment of hepatitis B. Therapy should be started no later than 7 days from the time symptoms of jaundice appeared. Such signs include yellow discoloration of the skin and eyeballs, chills, increased body temperature, pain in the upper abdomen, and a change in the color of urine to dark brown.
During pregnancy and lactation
Studies have shown that the medicine does not have a negative effect on the condition of the mother and fetus. However, pregnancy is a contraindication to the use of the drug, due to the high activity of alloferon.
If antiviral treatment is required for a nursing woman, the baby should be switched to an adapted milk formula. You cannot combine the use of the solution and breastfeeding.
Drug interactions
Caution must be exercised when using other immunomodulators simultaneously. If there is a need for such therapy, you need to regularly visit the doctor and take a blood test. This will help control the condition of the body.
If the patient suffers from genital herpes (chronic course, recurrent form), parallel use of Acyclovir is allowed. The drugs enhance each other’s effects, which leads to increased therapeutic effectiveness and rapid improvement in well-being.
Alcohol compatibility
The components of the solution do not interact with ethanol. However, the manufacturer emphasizes to consumers that they should stop drinking alcohol during therapy. This is due to the effect the immunomodulator has on the human body.
The drug is administered subcutaneously, after which the active component enters the blood and increases the volume of interferon produced. This part of the plasma reacts to any changes in blood composition. Side effects may occur when drinking alcohol.
Special instructions for the use of the drug Allokin-alpha
It is recommended to start treatment when the first signs of the disease appear; for hepatitis B, no later than the 7th day from the onset of symptoms of jaundice. In acute hepatitis B, the drug is prescribed as part of generally accepted basic therapy. In the treatment of chronic recurrent genital herpes, it can be prescribed in combination with antiviral drugs. Use during pregnancy and lactation . During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the use of the drug is contraindicated. Children. The use of the drug is contraindicated for children under 18 years of age. The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving a vehicle or working with other mechanisms. During treatment, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions, since some patients may experience dizziness.
Indications and contraindications
The Allokin-Alpha injection is used for viral infectious diseases that arise as a result of a sharp decrease in immune defense. These include:
- acute hepatitis type B (together with other medications);
- recurrent genital herpes types 1 and 2;
- chronic hepatitis B and C;
- urogenital infections;
- erosive lesions of the cervix;
- chronic infectious diseases caused by HPV (including oncogenic viruses);
- flu.
The product is also used for papillomas, condylomas and warts.
If there are contraindications, injections are prohibited. These include the following conditions:
- individual intolerance to the substances included in the solution (acquired or hereditary);
- autoimmune diseases (SLE, myasthenia gravis, inflammation of the thyroid gland, systemic scleroderma, etc.);
- childhood, adolescence (up to 18 years);
- alcohol addiction;
- lactation;
- pregnancy.
